Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, School of Public Health and Administration, One Health Unit, Zoonotic Disease Research Lab, Lima, Peru.
University of Pennsylvania, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2024 Sep 2;119:e240002. doi: 10.1590/0074-02760240002. eCollection 2024.
The city of El Pedregal grew out of a desert, following an agricultural irrigation project in southern Peru.
To describe infestation patterns by triatomines and bed bugs and their relationship to migration and urbanization.
We conducted door-to-door entomological surveys for triatomines and bed bugs. We assessed spatial clustering of infestations and compared the year of construction of infested to un-infested households. To gain a better understanding of the context surrounding triatomine infestations, we conducted in-depth interviews with residents to explore their migration histories, including previous experiences with infestation.
We inspected 5,164 households for Triatoma infestans (known locally as the Chirimacha); 21 (0.41%) were infested. These were extremely spatially clustered (Ripley's K p-value < 0.001 at various spatial scales). Infested houses were older than controls (Wilcoxon rank-sum: W = 33; p = 0.02). We conducted bed bug specific inspections in 34 households; 23 of these were infested. These were spatially dispersed across El Pedregal, and no difference was observed in construction age between bed bug infested houses and control houses (W = 6.5, p = 0.07).
The establishment of agribusiness companies in a desert area demanded a permanent work force, leading to the emergence of a new city. Migrant farmers, seeking work opportunities or escaping from adverse climatic events, arrived with few resources, and constructed their houses with precarious materials. T. infestans, a Chagas disease vector, was introduced to the city and colonized houses, but its dispersal was constrained by presence of vacant houses. We discuss how changes in the socioeconomic and agricultural landscape can increase vulnerability to vector-borne illnesses.
秘鲁南部的一个农业灌溉项目之后，埃尔佩德雷加尔市在沙漠中兴起。
描述并分析在迁徙和城市化背景下，该地的锥蝽和臭虫的侵扰模式及其关系。
我们进行了逐户的锥蝽和臭虫的昆虫学调查。我们评估了侵扰的空间聚集模式，并比较了有虫和无虫家庭的建筑年份。为了更好地了解与锥蝽侵扰相关的背景，我们对居民进行了深入访谈，以探讨他们的迁徙历史，包括以前的侵扰经历。
我们检查了 5164 户人家，以寻找特氏锥虫（当地人称为“Chirimacha”）；其中 21 户（0.41%）受到了感染。这些感染极为空间聚集（不同空间尺度下的 Ripley K 值<0.001）。感染房屋比对照房屋更老旧（Wilcoxon 秩和检验：W=33；p=0.02）。我们在 34 户人家中进行了臭虫的专项检查；其中 23 户受到了感染。这些臭虫在埃尔佩德雷加尔市四处散布，且臭虫感染房屋与对照房屋的建筑年代无差异（W=6.5，p=0.07）。
在沙漠地区建立农业企业需要一支永久性劳动力，这导致了一个新城市的出现。寻求工作机会或逃避不利气候事件的移民农民，带着很少的资源到达，用不稳定的材料建造他们的房屋。携带恰加斯病的锥蝽被引入该市并在房屋中繁殖，但由于有空置房屋的存在，其传播受到了限制。我们讨论了社会经济和农业景观的变化如何增加了人们感染媒介传播疾病的脆弱性。
