Pop Andrei-Vasile, Popa Stefan-Lucian, Dumitrascu Dan L
2nd Medical Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Med Pharm Rep. 2024 Jul;97(3):249-254. doi: 10.15386/mpr-2776. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals, presenting with a diverse range of symptoms that extend beyond the gastrointestinal tract. The condition's systemic nature is evidenced by its extra-digestive manifestations, which can affect various organs including the skin, joints, liver, and nervous system.
This descriptive, retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care center, focusing on adult patients diagnosed with CD who exhibited extra-digestive symptoms. Data were extracted from medical records of patients admitted between January 1, 2010 and June 30, 2024. Variables included demographic information, primary diagnosis, and associated extra-digestive manifestations. Descriptive statistical methods were employed for data analysis.
The sample included 108 patients with CD, the mean age was 43.21 years, with a predominance of females (76.85%). Iron deficiency anemia was the most common extra-digestive manifestation, affecting 20.37% of patients, followed by hypoproteinemia (18.52%) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (14.81%). Co-occurrence analysis revealed frequent combinations of conditions, such as anemia with cardiovascular diseases and depressive disorders. Notable associations with neurological conditions like gluten ataxia and peripheral neuropathy were also observed.
This study highlights the extensive extra-digestive manifestations of celiac disease, underscoring its systemic impact. The high prevalence of autoimmune conditions such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis and rheumatoid polyarthritis among CD patients reflects the need for holistic management strategies. Discrepancies between our findings and existing literature, particularly regarding skin and neurological conditions, emphasize the need for further research to better understand these associations and the long-term effects of a gluten-free diet.
乳糜泻（CD）是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病，由遗传易感个体摄入麸质引发，其症状多样，不仅局限于胃肠道。该疾病的系统性可通过其消化道外表现得以证明，这些表现可影响包括皮肤、关节、肝脏和神经系统在内的各种器官。
本描述性回顾性研究在一家三级医疗中心进行，聚焦于诊断为CD且出现消化道外症状的成年患者。数据从2010年1月1日至2024年6月30日期间入院患者的病历中提取。变量包括人口统计学信息、初步诊断以及相关的消化道外表现。采用描述性统计方法进行数据分析。
样本包括108例CD患者，平均年龄为43.21岁，女性占多数（76.85%）。缺铁性贫血是最常见的消化道外表现，影响20.37%的患者，其次是低蛋白血症（18.52%）和桥本甲状腺炎（14.81%）。共现分析揭示了多种疾病的常见组合，如贫血与心血管疾病和抑郁症。还观察到与麸质共济失调和周围神经病变等神经系统疾病的显著关联。
本研究强调了乳糜泻广泛的消化道外表现，突显了其系统性影响。CD患者中桥本甲状腺炎和类风湿性多关节炎等自身免疫性疾病的高患病率反映了采取整体管理策略的必要性。我们的研究结果与现有文献之间的差异，特别是在皮肤和神经系统疾病方面，强调了进一步研究以更好地理解这些关联以及无麸质饮食的长期影响的必要性。
