Post-Graduate Nutrition Program, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Brazil.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis and Research Nucleus, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology (IQB) of the Federal University of Alagoas, Macéio, Brazil.
Metabolomics. 2024 Sep 5;20(5):101. doi: 10.1007/s11306-024-02164-5.
In soccer, most studies evaluate metabolic profile changes in male athletes, often using data from a single match. Given the current landscape of women's soccer and the effects of biological sex on the physiological response and adaptation to exercise, more studies targeting female athletes and analyzing pre- and post-game moments throughout the season are necessary.
To describe the metabolomics profile of female soccer athletes from an elite team in Brazil. The study observed the separation of groups in three pre- and post-game moments and identified the discriminating metabolites.
The study included 14 female soccer athletes. Urine samples were collected and analyzed using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in pre-game and immediate post-game moments over three national championship games. The metabolomics data were then used to generate OPLS-DA and VIP plots.
Forty-three metabolites were identified in the samples. OPLS-DA analyses demonstrated a progressive separation between pre-post conditions, as supported by an increasing Q value (0.534, 0.625, and 0.899 for games 1, 2 and 3, respectively) and the first component value (20.2% and 19.1% in games 1 and 2 vs. 29.9% in game 3). Eight out of the fifteen most discriminating metabolites appeared consistently across the three games: glycine, formate, citrate, 3-hydroxyvalerate, glycolic acid, trimethylamine, urea, and dimethylglycine.
The main difference between the three games was the increasing separation between groups throughout the championship. Since the higher VIP-scores metabolites are linked to energy and protein metabolism, this separation may be attributed several factors, one being the accumulation of fatigue.
在足球运动中，大多数研究都评估了男性运动员的代谢特征变化，通常使用单次比赛的数据。鉴于当前女子足球的现状以及生物学性别对运动生理反应和适应的影响，有必要针对女性运动员进行更多的研究，并分析整个赛季比赛前后的时刻。
描述巴西一支精英女子足球队运动员的代谢组学特征。本研究观察了三个比赛前后时刻的分组分离情况，并鉴定了有区别的代谢物。
本研究纳入了 14 名女子足球运动员。在 3 场全国锦标赛中，在比赛前和即时赛后采集尿液样本，并使用核磁共振进行代谢组学分析。然后，使用代谢组学数据生成 OPLS-DA 和 VIP 图谱。
在样本中鉴定出 43 种代谢物。OPLS-DA 分析表明，随着 Q 值（分别为 0.534、0.625 和 0.899）和第一成分值（第 1 场和第 2 场比赛分别为 20.2%和 19.1%，而第 3 场比赛为 29.9%）的增加，预赛后条件之间逐渐分离。15 种最具区分性的代谢物中有 8 种在 3 场比赛中始终出现：甘氨酸、甲酸盐、柠檬酸盐、3-羟基戊酸、乙二醇酸、三甲胺、尿素和二甲甘氨酸。
3 场比赛之间的主要区别在于整个锦标赛中分组的逐渐分离。由于 VIP 得分较高的代谢物与能量和蛋白质代谢有关，这种分离可能归因于几个因素，其中一个因素是疲劳的积累。
