Pandya Shirley, Nicholls Victoria I, Krugliak Alexandra, Davis Simon W, Clarke Alex
Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2024 Sep 28:17470218241283028. doi: 10.1177/17470218241283028.
We have a great capacity to remember a large number of items, yet memory is selective. While multiple factors dictate why we remember some things and not others, it is increasingly acknowledged that some objects are more memorable than others. Recent studies show semantically distinctive objects are better remembered, as are objects located in expected scene contexts. However, we know little about how object semantics and context interact to facilitate memory. Here we test the intriguing hypothesis that these factors have complementary benefits for memory. Participants rated the congruency of object-scene pairs, followed by a surprise memory test. We show that object memory is best predicted by semantic familiarity when an object-scene pairing was congruent, but when object-scene pairings were incongruent, semantic statistics have an especially prominent impact. This demonstrates both the item and its schematic relationship to the environment interact to shape what we will and will not remember.
我们有强大的能力记住大量的事物，但记忆是有选择性的。虽然有多种因素决定我们为什么记住某些事物而不是其他事物，但人们越来越认识到有些物体比其他物体更令人难忘。最近的研究表明，语义独特的物体更容易被记住，处于预期场景中的物体也是如此。然而，我们对物体语义和上下文如何相互作用以促进记忆知之甚少。在这里，我们测试了一个有趣的假设，即这些因素对记忆有互补的益处。参与者对物体 - 场景对的一致性进行评分，随后进行突击记忆测试。我们发现，当物体 - 场景配对一致时，语义熟悉度最能预测物体记忆，但当物体 - 场景配对不一致时，语义统计有特别显著的影响。这表明物体及其与环境的示意性关系相互作用，塑造了我们会记住什么和不会记住什么。
