College of Geography and Tourism, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory on Digital Preservation and Innovative Technologies for the Culture of Traditional Villages and Towns, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
PLoS One. 2024 Sep 6;19(9):e0309814. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309814. eCollection 2024.
The examination of the characteristic law of traditional village transformation over time represents a vital nexus in cultural heritage preservation and the transmission of vernacular culture. Historical event points were used to augment village development information, facilitating the restoration of the village's historical pattern. Geographical analysis methods, including Standard Deviation Ellipse Analysis (SDSEA), Nearest Neighbor Analysis (NNA), and Source-Destination Analysis (SDA), were employed to explore the characteristics of the village's geographical center of gravity, changes in concentration and dispersion, and functional transfer. The stepwise progression of the village's evolution was investigated, as well as the mechanism of residents' behavior during the evolution process. The results reveal: 1) The spatial evolution of the settlement shows a trend of agglomeration. As time passes, the center of gravity of each functional space gradually converges, and the average distance between elements decreases, resulting in a shift from a dispersed to a clustered distribution. 2) The village space changes from simple to complex due to the conduct of the villagers. Residential behaviors promote the establishment of residential space and the development of public and commercial space. The usage, abandonment, and functional transitions that occur inside the space cause functional zones to nest with each other, resulting in a more intricate spatial structure. 3) Both the degree of change and the preservation of the village's functional space show an increasing trend, indicating that the protection of the built space and the expansion of the unbuilt space occur simultaneously. This represents a developmental trend that is consistent with the social surroundings and the villagers' ambitions.
传统村落随时间演变的特征规律研究，是文化遗产保护和乡土文化传承的重要衔接点。本文以历史事件点作为村落发展信息的补充，还原村落历史格局。运用标准差椭圆分析、最近邻分析和源流分析等地理分析方法，探讨村落地理重心的特征、集聚与扩散变化以及功能转移。深入剖析村落的演化阶段特征及演化过程中居民行为作用机制。结果表明：1）村落聚居空间的演变具有集聚化趋势，各功能空间重心随时间推移逐渐收敛，要素间平均距离减小，分布由分散趋向集聚；2）村民行为使村落空间由简单变得复杂，居住行为促成居住空间的建立和公共商业空间的发展，空间内部的使用、废弃和功能转变导致功能区相互嵌套，空间结构更加错综复杂；3）村落功能空间的变化程度和保护程度均呈上升趋势，说明建成空间的保护和未建成空间的拓展同步发生，这与社会环境和村民诉求的发展趋势相吻合。
