Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Oct;179:117403. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117403. Epub 2024 Sep 5.
Olfactory receptors are seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors on the cell surface. Over the past few decades, evidence has been mounting that olfactory receptors are not unique to the nose and that their ectopic existence plays an integral role in extranasal diseases. Coupled with the discovery of many natural or synthetic odor-compound ligands, new roles of ecnomotopic olfactory receptors regulating blood glucose, obesity, blood pressure, and other metabolism-related diseases are emerging. Many well-known scientific journals have called for attention to extranasal functions of ecnomotopic olfactory receptors. Thus, the prospect of ecnomotopic olfactory receptors in drug target research has been greatly underestimated. Here, we have provided an overview for the role of ecnomotopic olfactory receptors in metabolic diseases, focusing on their effects on various metabolic tissues, and discussed the possible molecular biological and pathophysiological mechanisms, which provide the basis for drug development and clinical application targeting the function of ecnomotopic olfactory receptors via literature machine learning and screening.
嗅觉受体是细胞表面的七跨膜 G 蛋白偶联受体。在过去的几十年中，越来越多的证据表明嗅觉受体并非仅存在于鼻腔中，它们的异位存在在鼻外疾病中起着重要作用。再加上许多天然或合成气味化合物配体的发现，异位嗅觉受体调节血糖、肥胖、血压和其他代谢相关疾病的新作用正在显现。许多著名的科学期刊都呼吁关注异位嗅觉受体的鼻外功能。因此，异位嗅觉受体在药物靶点研究中的前景被大大低估了。在这里，我们提供了一个概述，介绍了异位嗅觉受体在代谢疾病中的作用，重点讨论了它们对各种代谢组织的影响，并讨论了可能的分子生物学和病理生理学机制，为通过文献机器学习和筛选针对异位嗅觉受体功能的药物开发和临床应用提供了基础。
