Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
Poult Sci. 2024 Nov;103(11):104235. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104235. Epub 2024 Aug 22.
Currently, developing nonantibiotic growth promoters is a broad consensus in broiler industry, which is one of the effective ways to reduce drug-resistant strains. Chuanminshen violaceum is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb that is commonly used for its roots, while the stems and leaves are often discarded, resulting in a huge amount of waste. This study optimized the preparation process of water extract of Chuanminshen violaceum stems and leaves (CVSLE) by response surface analysis based on the yields of polysaccharide and protein. The CVSLE and herbal powder (CVSL) were then processed into granules before being used as feed additives. The Macleaya cordata powder was used as positive control. The results showed that the addition of CVSLE (0.5% of the feed) showed the highest growth-promoting activity than other CVSLE groups (0.2% and 1%), 1% CVSL group and positive control (0.05%). CVSLE at the dosage of 0.5% could significantly increase the ADG and reduce the FCR from d 21 to 42, d 0 to 42. The HI antibody titers against Newcastle disease virus and avian influenza virus were significantly enhanced at 21, 28 and 42 d. CVSLE did not affect the slaughtering performances, but could significantly elevate the spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius indices and the transcriptional levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ in spleen. The intestinal barrier function of broilers was significantly enhanced by increased levels of immune barrier (sIgA), physical barrier (ZO-1, OCL and Muc-2) and flora barrier (Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium). These results suggest that CVSLE was a promising herbal additive candidate for broilers.
目前，开发非抗生素生长促进剂是肉鸡行业的广泛共识，这是减少耐药菌株的有效方法之一。川明参是一种传统的中草药，通常使用其根，而茎和叶通常被丢弃，造成大量浪费。本研究基于多糖和蛋白质的产率，采用响应面分析优化了川明参茎叶水提物（CVSLE）的制备工艺。然后将 CVSLE 和草药粉（CVSL）加工成颗粒，用作饲料添加剂。将博落回粉作为阳性对照。结果表明，添加 0.5%的 CVSLE（饲料的 0.5%）比其他 CVSLE 组（0.2%和 1%）、1%CVSL 组和阳性对照（0.05%）表现出更高的促生长活性。0.5%剂量的 CVSLE 可显著提高 ADG，并降低 21 至 42 日龄、0 至 42 日龄的 FCR。21、28 和 42 日龄时，HI 抗体对新城疫病毒和禽流感病毒的抗体滴度显著增强。CVSLE 不影响屠宰性能，但可显著提高脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊指数以及脾脏中 IL-2、IL-4、IL-10 和 IFN-γ的转录水平。肉鸡肠道屏障功能通过增加免疫屏障（sIgA）、物理屏障（ZO-1、OCL 和 Muc-2）和菌群屏障（乳杆菌和双歧杆菌）得到显著增强。这些结果表明，CVSLE 是一种有前途的肉鸡草药添加剂候选物。
