Sahin Didem, Di Matteo Andrea, Emery Paul
NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Ann Clin Biochem. 2025 Jan;62(1):3-21. doi: 10.1177/00045632241285843. Epub 2024 Oct 1.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune condition that primarily affects the joints and periarticular soft tissues. In the past two decades, the discovery of new biomarkers has contributed to advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis and natural history of RA. These biomarkers, including genetic, clinical, serological and imaging biomarkers, play a key role in the different stages and aspects of RA, from the so called 'pre-clinical RA', which is characterized by subclinical pathological events, such as autoimmunity and inflammation, to diagnosis (including differential diagnosis), treatment decision making and disease monitoring.This review will provide an overview on the current role of traditional and newer biomarkers in the main aspects of RA management, from the identification of individuals 'at-risk' of RA who are likely to progress to clinically evident disease, to 'early' diagnosis of RA, prognosis, precision medicine, and prediction of response to treatment.
类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种慢性、全身性自身免疫性疾病，主要影响关节和关节周围软组织。在过去二十年中，新生物标志物的发现推动了对RA发病机制和自然史认识的进展。这些生物标志物，包括遗传、临床、血清学和影像学生物标志物，在RA的不同阶段和方面发挥着关键作用，从以自身免疫和炎症等亚临床病理事件为特征的所谓“临床前期RA”，到诊断（包括鉴别诊断）、治疗决策和疾病监测。本综述将概述传统和新型生物标志物在RA管理主要方面的当前作用，从识别可能进展为临床明显疾病的RA“高危”个体，到RA的“早期”诊断、预后、精准医学以及对治疗反应的预测。
