Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139# Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410011, China.
Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China.
Mol Cancer. 2024 Sep 7;23(1):191. doi: 10.1186/s12943-024-02106-8.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a diverse stromal cell population within the tumour microenvironment, where they play fundamental roles in cancer progression and patient prognosis. Multiple lines of evidence have identified that CAFs are critically involved in shaping the structure and function of the tumour microenvironment with numerous functions in regulating tumour behaviours, such as metastasis, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). CAFs can interact extensively with cancer cells by producing extracellular vesicles (EVs), multiple secreted factors, and metabolites. Notably, CAF-derived EVs have been identified as critical mediators of cancer therapy resistance, and constitute novel therapy targets and biomarkers in cancer management. This review aimed to summarize the biological roles and detailed molecular mechanisms of CAF-derived EVs in mediating cancer resistance to chemotherapy, targeted therapy agents, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. We also discussed the therapeutic potential of CAF-derived EVs as novel targets and clinical biomarkers in cancer clinical management, thereby providing a novel therapeutic strategy for enhancing cancer therapy efficacy and improving patient prognosis.
癌症相关成纤维细胞（CAFs）是肿瘤微环境中一种多样化的基质细胞群体，它们在癌症进展和患者预后中发挥着重要作用。多条证据表明，CAFs 在塑造肿瘤微环境的结构和功能方面起着至关重要的作用，具有调节肿瘤行为（如转移、侵袭和上皮间质转化（EMT））的多种功能。CAFs 可以通过产生细胞外囊泡（EVs）、多种分泌因子和代谢物与癌细胞广泛相互作用。值得注意的是，CAF 衍生的 EVs 被确定为癌症治疗耐药性的关键介质，并且是癌症管理中新型治疗靶点和生物标志物。本综述旨在总结 CAF 衍生的 EVs 在介导化疗、靶向治疗药物、放疗和免疫治疗的癌症耐药性方面的生物学作用和详细的分子机制。我们还讨论了 CAF 衍生的 EVs 作为癌症临床管理中新型靶点和临床生物标志物的治疗潜力，从而为提高癌症治疗效果和改善患者预后提供了一种新的治疗策略。
