Lal Diwya Kumar, Kumar Bhavna, Kaushik Vishakha, Alhowyan Adel, Kalam Mohd Abul
Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, Uttarakhand, India.
School of Physical Sciences, DIT University, Dehradun 248009, Uttarakhand, India.
ACS Omega. 2024 Aug 20;9(35):37105-37116. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c04252. eCollection 2024 Sep 3.
This study aimed to develop a nanocomposite formulation comprising umbelliferone (UMB) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanosheets as a carrier, termed as the UMB-MoS nanocomposite in gel for topical delivery. MoS nanosheets were successfully synthesized via a green-hydrothermal reaction of 10 mg of ammonium molybdate and 10 mg of thiourea in 80 mL of deionized water under predetermined conditions. The UMB-MoS nanocomposite was prepared by sonicating UMB and MoS nanosheets (each of 1 mg/mL) in dimethylformamide. Scanning electron microscopy revealed crumpled nanosheets with an open-ended structure and a nanocomposite as a layered structure. The X-ray diffraction pattern revealed the amorphous nature of UMB in the UMB-MoS nanocomposite. Fourier-transform infrared spectra of the UMB-MoS nanocomposite had modified bands of the functional group, which confirmed the formation of the nanocomposite. The size and polydispersity-index (435 nm and 0.415, respectively) of the nanocomposite were within the limit for an efficient topical application. Carbopol 934 (2%) was used to prepare the UMB-MoS nanocomposite gel (F1) and UMB-Carbopol gel (F2, for comparative evaluation). The pH, spreadability, and viscosity of F1 were found to be 5.56, 5.89 g·cm/s, and 32.5 Pa-sec, respectively, which were optimal for the topical application of gel-based formulations. In vitro release characteristics of both formulations were deemed to be suitable for topical application, where F1 exhibited a biphasic drug release profile and a superior release rate of 94.8% compared to 43.5% for F2 at 24 h. In the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model, the animal group treated with F1 demonstrated the lowest increase in paw thickness of 26.6%, which was significantly lower as compared to the F2-treated group (52.9%) and the diclofenac sodium-treated group (32.2%). Similarly, in the tail immersion method, F1 exhibited the highest peak tail withdrawal latency of 10.9 s, significantly greater than F2 (8.9 s) and standard treatment (10 s), indicating the superior analgesic activity of F1. This pioneering work introduces a novel UMB-MoS nanocomposite with promising anti-inflammatory and analgesic potentials, paving the way for further research into the biomedical applications of MoS-based nanocarriers.
本研究旨在开发一种纳米复合制剂，其包含伞形花内酯（UMB）和二硫化钼（MoS）纳米片作为载体，称为用于局部给药的凝胶中的UMB-MoS纳米复合材料。通过在预定条件下，将10毫克钼酸铵和10毫克硫脲在80毫升去离子水中进行绿色水热反应，成功合成了MoS纳米片。UMB-MoS纳米复合材料是通过在二甲基甲酰胺中超声处理UMB和MoS纳米片（各1毫克/毫升）制备的。扫描电子显微镜显示出具有开口结构的皱缩纳米片以及作为层状结构的纳米复合材料。X射线衍射图谱揭示了UMB-MoS纳米复合材料中UMB的无定形性质。UMB-MoS纳米复合材料的傅里叶变换红外光谱具有官能团的改性谱带，这证实了纳米复合材料的形成。纳米复合材料的尺寸和多分散指数（分别为435纳米和0.415）在有效局部应用的范围内。使用卡波姆934（2%）制备UMB-MoS纳米复合凝胶（F1）和UMB-卡波姆凝胶（F2，用于比较评估）。发现F1的pH值、铺展性和粘度分别为5.56、5.89克·厘米/秒和32.5帕·秒，这对于基于凝胶的制剂的局部应用是最佳的。两种制剂的体外释放特性被认为适合局部应用，其中F1表现出双相药物释放曲线，在24小时时的释放率为94.8%，优于F2的43.5%。在角叉菜胶诱导的大鼠足肿胀模型中，用F1治疗的动物组足厚度增加最低，为26.6%，与用F2治疗的组（52.9%）和双氯芬酸钠治疗的组（32.2%）相比显著更低。同样，在尾浸法中，F1表现出最高的峰值尾退缩潜伏期，为10.9秒，显著大于F2（8.9秒）和标准治疗组（10秒），表明F1具有优异的镇痛活性。这项开创性工作引入了一种具有有前景的抗炎和镇痛潜力的新型UMB-MoS纳米复合材料，为进一步研究基于MoS的纳米载体的生物医学应用铺平了道路。
