Naskar Manisha, Choi Hae Woong
Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
Immune Netw. 2024 Jul 22;24(4):e31. doi: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e31. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) represent one of the most prevalent bacterial infections globally, manifesting in diverse clinical phenotypes with varying degrees of severity and complications. The mechanisms underlying UTIs are gradually being elucidated, leading to an enhanced understanding of the immune responses involved. Innate immune cells play a crucial defensive role against uropathogenic bacteria through various mechanisms. Despite their significant contributions to host defense, these cells often fail to achieve complete clearance of uropathogens, necessitating the frequent prescription of antibiotics for UTI patients. However, the persistence of infections and related pathological symptoms in the absence of innate immune cells in animal models underscore the importance of innate immunity in UTIs. Therefore, the host protective functions of innate immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, NK cells, innate lymphoid cells, and γδ T cells, are delicately coordinated and timely regulated by a variety of cytokines to ensure successful pathogen clearance.
尿路感染（UTIs）是全球最常见的细菌感染之一，表现出不同程度的严重程度和并发症的多种临床表型。尿路感染的潜在机制正在逐步阐明，从而加深了对所涉及免疫反应的理解。固有免疫细胞通过各种机制对尿路致病性细菌发挥关键的防御作用。尽管它们对宿主防御有重大贡献，但这些细胞往往无法完全清除尿路病原体，这使得UTI患者经常需要使用抗生素。然而，动物模型中缺乏固有免疫细胞时感染和相关病理症状的持续存在凸显了固有免疫在UTIs中的重要性。因此，包括中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞、肥大细胞、NK细胞、固有淋巴细胞和γδT细胞在内的固有免疫细胞的宿主保护功能由多种细胞因子精细协调并及时调节，以确保成功清除病原体。
