Chen Junxiao, Li Sanhe, Zhou Lei, Zha Wenjun, Xu Huashan, Liu Kai
Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 3 Nanhu Avenue, Hongshan, Wuhan, 430070 China.
Mol Breed. 2024 Sep 6;44(9):58. doi: 10.1007/s11032-024-01495-4. eCollection 2024 Sep.
With the global shift towards healthier eating habits, the focus of the rice industry has evolved from quantity to quality. In China, the Yangtze River Basin is the main area consuming long-grain and high-quality indica rice. Hubei Province, a significant rice-producing area, currently cultivates a limited range of rice varieties, risking degradation and diminishing economic returns. Therefore, it is imperative to cultivate elite rice varieties tailored to the local production conditions and can significantly enhance the added value. This study bred the novel rice cultivar "Runxiangyu", characterized by early maturity, high quality, and high yield. It is a hybrid of Ezhong 5, known for its moderate height and excellent quality, albeit with a long growth period and lack of fragrance, and Yuzhenxiang, renowned for its high quality, short growth period, and fragrance but limited by its tall stature and poor tillering ability. The breeding process utilized optimized anther culture coupled with molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) and phenotype analysis. In the field, the developed cultivar was 120.9 cm tall and had an entire growth period of 117.5 days, demonstrating moderate disease resistance and excellent heat tolerance. Its grains are fragrant, meeting the national standard of grade two high-quality rice set by the Food Quality Supervision and Inspection Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas). Exhibiting superior agronomic traits, such as plant type, height, growth period, and stress resistance, along with and quality attributes, including grain shape, chalkiness, fragrance, and taste, "Runxiangyu" was certified by the Agricultural Crop Variety Certification Commission of Hubei in 2022. These findings suggested that molecular MAS coupled with optimized anther culture and multi-site phenotype analysis is an efficient and rapid method for crop breeding.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01495-4.
随着全球饮食习惯向更健康方向转变，大米产业的重点已从产量转向质量。在中国，长江流域是消费长粒优质籼稻的主要地区。湖北省作为重要的水稻产区，目前种植的水稻品种范围有限，面临品种退化和经济收益下降的风险。因此，培育适合当地生产条件且能显著提高附加值的优良水稻品种势在必行。本研究培育出了新型水稻品种“润香玉”，其特点是早熟、优质、高产。它是中5（以株高中等、品质优良著称，但其生育期长且无香味）与玉针香（以品质高、生育期短、有香味著称，但植株高大、分蘖能力差）的杂交品种。育种过程采用了优化的花药培养技术，并结合分子标记辅助选择（MAS）和表型分析。在田间，育成品种株高120.9厘米，全生育期117.5天，表现出中等抗病性和优良的耐热性。其米粒有香味，符合农业农村部食品质量监督检验中心制定 的国家二级优质稻谷标准。“润香玉”具有优良的农艺性状，如株型、株高、生育期和抗逆性，以及品质特性，包括粒形、垩白、香味和口感，于2022年通过湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定。这些研究结果表明，分子标记辅助选择结合优化的花药培养技术和多地点表型分析是一种高效、快速的作物育种方法。
网络版包含可在10.1007/s11032-024-01495-4获取的补充材料。
