Zalidis Achilleas Panagiotis, Kalogiouri Natasa P, Mourtzinos Ioannis, Sarris Dimitris, Gkatzionis Konstantinos
Laboratory of Consumer and Sensory Perception of Food & Drinks, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, Metropolite Ioakeim 2, 81400 Myrina, Greece.
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Molecules. 2025 Mar 29;30(7):1527. doi: 10.3390/molecules30071527.
Agricultural by-products like grape pomace and olive stones are rich in bioactive compounds and can be processed into grape seed and olive stone flours.The phenolic composition of such flours still remains underexplored. This study introduces a liquid chromatographic time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometric method (LC-QTOF-MS/MS) to assess the phenolic profiles of functional flours from different origins and evaluate their potential use within the frame of a circular economy. Grape seed and olive stone flours from Lemnos and commercial sources were analyzed employing target, suspect, and non-target screening. Target screening resulted in the determination of 23 phenolic compounds. Suspect screening revealed phenolic diversity in flours produced in Lemnos island. Non-target screening resulted in the detection of 1042 and 1620 mass features in grape seed and olive stone flours, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) successfully differentiated samples between commercially available and those produced in Lemnos. These results underscore the phenolic richness of grape seed and olive stone flours, supporting their use as functional ingredients and reinforcing sustainability and circular economy principles in the agri-food sector.
葡萄皮渣和橄榄核等农业副产品富含生物活性化合物，可加工成葡萄籽粉和橄榄核粉。此类面粉的酚类成分仍未得到充分研究。本研究引入了一种液相色谱飞行时间串联质谱法（LC-QTOF-MS/MS），以评估不同来源的功能性面粉的酚类特征，并在循环经济框架内评估其潜在用途。采用目标、可疑和非目标筛选方法，对来自利姆诺斯岛和商业来源的葡萄籽粉和橄榄核粉进行了分析。目标筛选确定了23种酚类化合物。可疑筛选揭示了利姆诺斯岛生产的面粉中酚类物质的多样性。非目标筛选分别在葡萄籽粉和橄榄核粉中检测到1042个和1620个质量特征。主成分分析（PCA）和偏最小二乘判别分析（PLS-DA）成功区分了市售样品和利姆诺斯岛生产的样品。这些结果强调了葡萄籽粉和橄榄核粉中酚类物质的丰富性，支持将其用作功能性成分，并加强农业食品部门的可持续性和循环经济原则。
