Clemente Miguel, Espinosa Pablo, Aguilar-Valera J Alonso, Guevara-Cordero Claudia
Universidade da Coruna (Spain), Department of Psychology, Elvina's Campus, 15071 A Coruna, Spain.
National University of San Marcos, Department of Psychology, Lima, Peru.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 14;10(16):e36260. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36260. eCollection 2024 Aug 30.
Studies of divorce's effects on children have been oriented toward the parents' characteristics, ignoring their extended families. In the current study we collected data from 414 participants, both divorced parents and the children's extended families in Peru (155) and Spain (259). Participants completed a questionnaire on attitudes toward the parents, and the Short Dark Tetrad questionnaire. Multivariate tests were conducted on participants' responses, showing that negative attitudes toward parents are not very strong but that attitudes toward fathers are more negative than attitudes toward mothers. Custodial parents are perceived less negatively, and parents who share custody are perceived the least negatively. Extended family members hold more negative attitudes against parents than the parents themselves. Mothers have significantly more negative attitudes toward fathers than the fathers towards mothers. Dark traits are a significant predictor of negative attitudes toward the mother but not toward the father. The perception of unhappiness in the child was predicted by negative attitudes toward the parents. Non-parents tend to evaluate both parents more negatively compared to parents' mutual perceptions. There was an effect on dark traits, negative attitudes against parents, and perception of unhappiness in the child. Peruvians scored significantly higher in all variables.
关于离婚对孩子影响的研究一直侧重于父母的特征，而忽视了他们的大家庭。在当前的研究中，我们收集了414名参与者的数据，这些参与者包括秘鲁（155人）和西班牙（259人）的离异父母及其孩子的大家庭成员。参与者完成了一份关于对父母态度的问卷以及简短黑暗人格四分体问卷。对参与者的回答进行了多变量测试，结果显示对父母的负面态度并不十分强烈，但对父亲的态度比对母亲的态度更消极。监护父母被认为负面程度较低，而共同监护的父母被认为负面程度最低。大家庭成员对父母的负面态度比父母自身更多。母亲对父亲的负面态度明显多于父亲对母亲的负面态度。黑暗特质是对母亲负面态度的一个重要预测因素，但不是对父亲负面态度的预测因素。对父母的负面态度预示着对孩子不幸福的认知。与父母之间的相互认知相比，非父母往往对父母双方的评价更负面。黑暗特质、对父母的负面态度以及对孩子不幸福的认知之间存在影响。秘鲁人在所有变量上的得分都显著更高。
