Abdulqader Goran Mohammed Raouf
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, 0046 Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
Open Med (Wars). 2024 Sep 2;19(1):20241022. doi: 10.1515/med-2024-1022. eCollection 2024.
Most gastrointestinal polyps are asymptomatic; therefore, assessing symptoms associated with cancer and precancerous polyps is essential.
The aim of this study was to study the histopathology, number, distribution, and degree of polyps' dysplasia in terms of age, gender, and clinical presentation.
This study was performed on patients who underwent endoscopy from July 2015 to August 2021 in Sulaimaniyah, Iraq. Surgical pathology records of patients were analyzed for age, sex, nature of the polyps, number, site, histopathology, degree of dysplasia, resection margins and patients' presented clinical data.
The mean patients' age was 51.4 ± 17.1 years, and most were males (51.9%). The most common indications for endoscopy were screening (28.62%), and the least common was weight loss (4.46%). Neoplastic polyps were common among patients with hematemesis (75%), while non-neoplastic were common among those with dyspepsia (60%). Most polyps were solitary in upper (80.8%) and lower gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Most polyps in the upper GIT were non-neoplastic (87.3%), while most lower proximal/distal GIT polyps were neoplastic. Most neoplastic polyps showed low-grade dysplasia (94.4%), and most high-grade dysplasia was a villous type (24.1%).
Initiation of the screening program is highly recommended as a facilitating method for the early detection of multiple and high-grade gastrointestinal polyps. Thus, screening programs can reduce the rate of mortality of carcinoma in this locality.
大多数胃肠道息肉无症状；因此，评估与癌症和癌前息肉相关的症状至关重要。
本研究旨在根据年龄、性别和临床表现，研究息肉的组织病理学、数量、分布及发育异常程度。
本研究对2015年7月至2021年8月在伊拉克苏莱曼尼亚接受内镜检查的患者进行。分析患者的手术病理记录，包括年龄、性别、息肉性质、数量、部位、组织病理学、发育异常程度、切缘以及患者呈现的临床数据。
患者的平均年龄为51.4±17.1岁，大多数为男性（51.9%）。内镜检查最常见的指征是筛查（28.62%），最不常见的是体重减轻（4.46%）。肿瘤性息肉在呕血患者中常见（75%），而非肿瘤性息肉在消化不良患者中常见（60%）。大多数息肉在上消化道（80.8%）和下消化道（GIT）为单发。上消化道的大多数息肉为非肿瘤性（87.3%），而下消化道近端/远端的大多数息肉为肿瘤性。大多数肿瘤性息肉显示低级别发育异常（94.4%），大多数高级别发育异常为绒毛状类型（24.1%）。
强烈建议启动筛查计划，作为早期发现多发性和高级别胃肠道息肉的便利方法。因此，筛查计划可降低该地区癌症的死亡率。
