Fraass B A, Miller R W, Kinsella T J, Sindelar W F, Harrington F S, Yeakel K, van de Geijn J, Glatstein E
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1985 Jul;11(7):1299-311. doi: 10.1016/0360-3016(85)90245-7.
The technical complexity of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) requires modification of the standard physical and dosimetric methods used in external electron beam therapy. At the National Cancer Institute, a number of technical innovations have been integrated into ongoing clinical studies of IORT. These include: (1) an electron beam applicator system that is significantly different from other IORT systems and includes customized "squircle" applicators; (2) peripheral dose shields; (3) a modified surgical table replacing the standard radiation treatment couch; and (4) routine use of multiple IORT fields that necessitates field matching. The IORT applicator system and related devices and techniques are dosimetrically characterized in detail both for use in the IORT program and in order to illustrate many useful facets of electron dosimetry.
术中放疗（IORT）的技术复杂性要求对外部电子束治疗中使用的标准物理和剂量测定方法进行修改。在美国国家癌症研究所，多项技术创新已被纳入正在进行的IORT临床研究中。这些包括：（1）一种与其他IORT系统有显著差异的电子束施源器系统，包括定制的“圆角方形”施源器；（2）外周剂量屏蔽；（3）一种取代标准放射治疗床的改良手术台；（4）常规使用多个IORT射野，这需要进行射野匹配。IORT施源器系统及相关设备和技术在剂量学方面进行了详细表征，既用于IORT项目，也用于阐明电子剂量学的许多有用方面。
