Diniz Gisele de Fátima Dias, Figueiredo José Edson Fontes, Canuto Kirley Marques, Cota Luciano Viana, Souza Ana Sheila de Queiroz, Simeone Maria Lúcia Ferreira, Tinoco Sylvia Morais de Sousa, Ribeiro Paulo Riceli Vasconcelos, Ferreira Lourenço Vitor Silva, Marins Mikaely Sousa, de Oliveira-Paiva Christiane Abreu, Dos Santos Vera Lúcia
Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Embrapa Maize and Sorghum, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Aug 26;15:1443327. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1443327. eCollection 2024.
The fungus significantly threatens maize crops in tropical soils. In light of this, biological control has emerged as a promising strategy to reduce fungicide costs and environmental risks. In this study, we aimed to test the antifungal activity of cell-free supernatant (CFS) from three (CT02, IM14, and LIS05) and one (LIS04) against , thereby contributing to the development of effective biocontrol measures.
The research employed a comprehensive approach. The antifungal activity of the bacterial strains was tested using cell-free supernatant (CFS) from three (CT02, IM14, and LIS05) and one (LIS04). The UPLC-MS evaluated the CFS to identify the main bioactive molecules involved in the inhibitory effect on . . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess the impact of CFS on spores and hyphae, and genome sequencing was conducted to identify the genes involved in biological control. These robust methodologies ensure the reliability and validate our findings.
The CFS of the four strains demonstrated significant inhibition of fungal growth. The UPLC-MS analysis revealed the presence of lipopeptides with antifungal activity, including surfactin and fengycins A and B expressed by the three strains of and iturin A expressed by strains LIS05 and IM14. For , fusaricidins, ABCDE, and five previously unreported lipopeptides were detected. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that treatments with CFS led to significant distortion and breakage of the . hyphae, in addition to the formation of cavities in the membrane. Genome mining confirmed the presence of genes coding for the lipopeptides identified by UPLC-MS, including the gene for iturin in CTO2. Genomic sequencing revealed that CT02, IM14, and LIS05 belong to different strains of , and LIS04 belongs to , a species recently described.
The four bacterial strains, including three novel strains identified as and one as the recently described species , demonstrate significant potential as biocontrol agents for managing fungal disease. This finding underscores the novelty and potential impact of our research.
这种真菌对热带土壤中的玉米作物构成了重大威胁。鉴于此，生物防治已成为一种有前景的策略，可降低杀菌剂成本并减少环境风险。在本研究中，我们旨在测试来自三株（CT02、IM14和LIS05）和一株（LIS04）的无细胞上清液（CFS）对[真菌名称未给出]的抗真菌活性，从而为开发有效的生物防治措施做出贡献。
本研究采用了综合方法。使用来自三株（CT02、IM14和LIS05）和一株（LIS04）的无细胞上清液（CFS）测试细菌菌株的抗真菌活性。超高效液相色谱 - 质谱联用（UPLC - MS）对CFS进行评估，以鉴定对[真菌名称未给出]产生抑制作用的主要生物活性分子。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）用于评估CFS对孢子和菌丝的影响，并且进行基因组测序以鉴定参与生物防治的基因。这些强大的方法确保了研究结果的可靠性和有效性。
四株菌株的CFS均显示出对真菌生长的显著抑制作用。UPLC - MS分析揭示了具有抗真菌活性的脂肽的存在，包括三株[细菌名称未给出]表达的表面活性素、丰原素A和B，以及LIS05和IM14菌株表达的伊枯草菌素A。对于[真菌名称未给出]，检测到了镰刀菌素A、B、C、D、E以及五种先前未报道的脂肽。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示，用CFS处理导致[真菌名称未给出]菌丝出现明显扭曲和断裂，此外细胞膜上还形成了空洞。基因组挖掘证实了存在编码UPLC - MS鉴定出的脂肽的基因，包括CTO2中伊枯草菌素的基因。基因组测序表明，CT02、IM14和LIS05属于[细菌名称未给出]的不同菌株，而LIS04属于[细菌名称未给出]属，该属是最近描述的一个物种。
这四株细菌菌株，包括三株鉴定为[细菌名称未给出]的新菌株和一株鉴定为最近描述的物种[细菌名称未给出]的菌株，作为管理真菌病害的生物防治剂具有显著潜力。这一发现突出了我们研究的新颖性和潜在影响。
