Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627 - Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil.
Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Rod MG 424 Km 45, Zona Rural, Sete Lagoas, MG, 35701-970, Brazil.
Arch Microbiol. 2021 Dec 28;204(1):89. doi: 10.1007/s00203-021-02726-4.
Fusarium verticillioides is pathogenic to maize and mycotoxin-producer, causing yield losses, feed and food contamination, and risks to human and animal health. Endophytic (ISD04 and IPR45) and epiphytic (CT02 and IM14) bacteria from maize silks were tested in vitro and greenhouse against F. verticillioides and for hydrolytic enzyme production (cellulase, pectinase, protease, lipase, and chitinase). The strains preliminarily identified as Achromobacter xylosoxidans (ISD04), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (IPR45), and Bacillus velezensis (CT02 and IM14) by 16S gene sequencing. All strains showed antifungal activity in vitro with inhibition values from 58.5 to 100%; they changed hyphae morphology and inhibited the conidial germination by up to 100% (IPR45). The four strains produced at least one enzyme with antifungal activity. The microbiolized seeds reduced the fungal development in stored grains and stalk rot severity in the greenhouse by 72.6% (ISD04). These results highlight the potential of these strains as biocontrol agents against F. verticillioides.
串珠镰刀菌是一种对玉米致病的产毒素真菌，可导致减产、饲料和食物污染，并对人类和动物健康构成风险。从玉米花丝中分离出的内生（ISD04 和 IPR45）和外生（CT02 和 IM14）细菌在体外和温室中对串珠镰刀菌进行了测试，并对其水解酶（纤维素酶、果胶酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶和几丁质酶）的产生进行了测试。通过 16S 基因测序，这些菌株被初步鉴定为木糖氧化无色杆菌（ISD04）、铜绿假单胞菌（IPR45）和韦氏芽孢杆菌（CT02 和 IM14）。所有菌株在体外均表现出抗真菌活性，抑制率为 58.5%至 100%；它们改变了菌丝形态，抑制了孢子的萌发，抑制率高达 100%（IPR45）。这 4 株菌至少产生了一种具有抗真菌活性的酶。微生物化种子可将储存谷物中的真菌生长和温室中茎腐病的严重程度降低 72.6%（ISD04）。这些结果突出了这些菌株作为防治串珠镰刀菌的生物防治剂的潜力。
