Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.
Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University.
Zool Res. 2024 Sep 18;45(5):1161-1174. doi: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2024.072.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are significant public health issues associated with a long-term increase in mortality risk, resulting from various etiologies including renal ischemia, sepsis, drug toxicity, and diabetes mellitus. Numerous preclinical models have been developed to deepen our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for kidney diseases. Among these, rodent models have proven to be powerful tools in the discovery of novel therapeutics, while the development of kidney organoids has emerged as a promising advancement in the field. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the construction methodologies, underlying biological mechanisms, and recent therapeutic developments across different AKI and CKD models. Additionally, this review summarizes the advantages, limitations, and challenges inherent in these preclinical models, thereby contributing robust evidence to support the development of effective therapeutic strategies.
急性肾损伤 (AKI) 和慢性肾脏病 (CKD) 是与死亡率长期增加相关的重大公共卫生问题，其病因包括肾缺血、脓毒症、药物毒性和糖尿病等。已经开发出许多临床前模型来加深我们对肾脏疾病病理生理机制和治疗方法的理解。在这些模型中，啮齿动物模型已被证明是发现新疗法的有力工具，而肾脏类器官的发展则是该领域的一个有前途的进展。本综述全面分析了不同 AKI 和 CKD 模型的构建方法、潜在生物学机制和最近的治疗进展。此外，本综述总结了这些临床前模型固有的优点、局限性和挑战，从而为支持有效治疗策略的开发提供了有力的证据。
