Antunes Juliana Teixeira, Lisboa Jéssica Vieira
Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Montes Claros, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2024 Sep 9;40(8):e00154723. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XPT154723. eCollection 2024.
This study analyzes the self-perception of body image reported by adolescents from 2009 to 2019 according to sex and region, based on the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE). An epidemiological, descriptive time-series analysis was carried out with prevalence and trend measures of how adolescents perceive themselves in relation to their bodies according to the data provided by the PeNSE surveys from 2009 to 2019. The prevalence of adolescents who considered themselves normal reached 47.6% (95%CI: 46.1-49.1) in 2019, representing a negative difference of 12.5 percentage points (p.p.) and a variation of 20.7% compared to 2009. In 2019, 31.4% (95%CI: 30.0-32.9) of boys reported feeling thin or very thin, a difference of 8.4p.p. compared to 2009. On the other hand, 28.6% (95%CI: 26.1-31.1) of girls perceived themselves as fat or very fat in 2019, representing a variation of 7.3p.p. compared to 2009. In recent years, there has been a change in the body self-perception of adolescents, with a reduction in the prevalence of those who consider themselves normal and an increase among those who consider themselves thin or very thin for males and fat or very fat for females. These results indicates the importance of investigating the consequences of perceiving oneself as thin or very thin and fat or very fat in the lives of adolescents.
本研究基于巴西全国学校健康调查（PeNSE），分析了2009年至2019年青少年按性别和地区报告的身体形象自我认知。根据2009年至2019年PeNSE调查提供的数据，对青少年如何看待自己身体的患病率和趋势指标进行了流行病学描述性时间序列分析。2019年，认为自己正常的青少年患病率达到47.6%（95%CI：46.1-49.1），与2009年相比，负差为12.5个百分点（p.p.），变化率为20.7%。2019年，31.4%（95%CI：30.0-32.9）的男孩报告感觉自己瘦或很瘦，与2009年相比相差8.4个百分点。另一方面，2019年28.6%（95%CI：26.1-31.1）的女孩认为自己胖或非常胖，与2009年相比变化了7.3个百分点。近年来，青少年的身体自我认知发生了变化认为自己正常的青少年患病率下降，而认为自己瘦或很瘦的男性以及胖或非常胖的女性患病率上升。这些结果表明，调查青少年认为自己瘦或非常瘦以及胖或非常胖在其生活中的后果具有重要意义。
