埃塞俄比亚北部艾滋病毒阳性和艾滋病毒阴性个体中的幽门螺杆菌感染及相关危险因素。

Helicobacter pylori infection and associated risk factors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in Northern Ethiopia.

作者信息

Abadi Tesfay, Teklu Takele, Wondmagegn Tadelo, Alem Meseret, Desalegn Girmay

机构信息

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, P.O. Box 50, Ethiopia; Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Ethiopia.

Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Ethiopia; School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, P.O. Box 138, Ethiopia.

出版信息

J Infect Chemother. 2025 Feb;31(2):102517. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.09.006. Epub 2024 Sep 12.

DOI:10.1016/j.jiac.2024.09.006

PMID:39260772

Abstract

BACKGROUND

H. pylori infection is a common bacterial infection worldwide, but its prevalence varies widely between different regions and populations. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection and associated risk factors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals in northern Ethiopia.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2020 in four randomly selected health facilities located in the Tigray region of Ethiopia. A total of 463 study participants were enrolled, of whom 288 were HIV-positive and 175 were HIV-negative individuals. H. pylori stool antigen tests were performed to detect H. pylori infection. Additionally, CD4 T cell counts were measured from only a certain number of participants.

RESULTS

The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection among enrolled study participants was 39.7 %. Notably, the H. pylori infection rate was significantly higher in HIV-positive patients (43.4 %) compared to HIV-negative individuals (33.7 %); χ = 4.27, p = 0.039. Higher H. pylori prevalence was observed in participants with higher CD4 T cell counts in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals. Khat chewing habit, education, and monthly income levels were significantly associated with H. pylori infection in HIV-negative individuals, while the association between Body mass index (BMI) and H. pylori infection was observed in HIV-positive patients, but not HIV-negative individuals.

CONCLUSION

This study demonstrates a higher prevalence of H. pylori infection in HIV-positive patients compared to HIV-negative individuals, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive diagnostics, patient care, and management of H. pylori infection in HIV-positive individuals.

摘要

背景

幽门螺杆菌感染是全球常见的细菌感染，但不同地区和人群的感染率差异很大。本研究的目的是确定埃塞俄比亚北部艾滋病毒阳性和艾滋病毒阴性个体中幽门螺杆菌感染的患病率及相关危险因素。

方法

2020年6月至9月，在埃塞俄比亚提格雷地区随机选择的四个卫生机构进行了一项横断面研究。共纳入463名研究参与者，其中288名是艾滋病毒阳性，175名是艾滋病毒阴性个体。采用幽门螺杆菌粪便抗原检测来检测幽门螺杆菌感染。此外，仅对一定数量的参与者进行了CD4 T细胞计数测量。

结果

纳入研究的参与者中幽门螺杆菌感染的总体患病率为39.7%。值得注意的是，艾滋病毒阳性患者的幽门螺杆菌感染率（43.4%）显著高于艾滋病毒阴性个体（33.7%）；χ² = 4.27，p = 0.039。在艾滋病毒阳性和艾滋病毒阴性个体中，CD4 T细胞计数较高的参与者幽门螺杆菌患病率也较高。在艾滋病毒阴性个体中，嚼恰特草的习惯、教育程度和月收入水平与幽门螺杆菌感染显著相关，而在艾滋病毒阳性患者中观察到体重指数（BMI）与幽门螺杆菌感染之间的关联，但在艾滋病毒阴性个体中未观察到。