Alhasani, Medical supply administration, Ministry of Heath, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Ibn Auf, Erada and Mental Health Complex, Taif, Saudi Arabia; Department of Psychiatry, Eastern Sudan College for Medical Sciences and Technology, Port Sudan, Sudan.
Psychopharmacol Bull. 2024 Aug 19;54(4):35-44.
Second-Generation Antipsychotics (SGAs) are widely used for treating psychiatric disorders due to their favorable side effect profile compared to First-Generation Antipsychotics (FGAs). However, SGAs are associated with significant metabolic side effects. This study aims to explore the sociodemographic and health differences between individuals using SGAs and those not using them.
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted with 148 participants, including 102 SGA users and 46 non-users. Data were collected from patients and medical records, encompassing sociodemographic factors and health variables including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, and BMI. Statistical analyses included chi-square and Fisher's exact tests to compare the two groups.
SGA users had higher rates of overweight and obesity compared to non-users (p = 0.000), with 30.4% overweight and 29.4% obese among SGA users versus 21.7% overweight and 4.3% obese among non-users. A higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease was observed in SGA users (11.8% vs. 2.2%, p = 0.076). Although not statistically significant, trends indicated higher rates of diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia in non-users (30.4% vs. 18.6%, p = 0.110 and 7% vs. 0%, p = 0.083, respectively).
This study highlights significant differences in BMI and cardiovascular disease prevalence between SGA users and non-users, reinforcing the need for comprehensive metabolic monitoring in patients treated with SGAs. The findings underscore the importance of considering sociodemographic factors in managing the health risks associated with SGA use. Further research with larger sample sizes and longitudinal designs is warranted to better understand these associations and develop targeted interventions.
与第一代抗精神病药（FGAs）相比，第二代抗精神病药（SGAs）具有更好的副作用谱，因此被广泛用于治疗精神疾病。然而，SGAs 与显著的代谢副作用相关。本研究旨在探讨使用 SGA 与未使用 SGA 的个体之间在社会人口统计学和健康方面的差异。
采用病例对照的横断面研究，共纳入 148 名参与者，包括 102 名 SGA 使用者和 46 名非使用者。数据来自患者和病历，包括社会人口统计学因素和健康变量，包括糖尿病、高血压、心血管疾病、高脂血症、腰围、空腹血糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯、HDL、LDL 和 BMI。采用卡方检验和 Fisher 确切检验比较两组间差异。
与非使用者相比，SGA 使用者超重和肥胖的发生率更高（p = 0.000），SGA 使用者中超重者占 30.4%，肥胖者占 29.4%，而非使用者中超重者占 21.7%，肥胖者占 4.3%。SGA 使用者中心血管疾病的患病率更高（11.8%比 2.2%，p = 0.076）。尽管差异无统计学意义，但趋势表明非使用者中糖尿病和高脂血症的发生率更高（30.4%比 18.6%，p = 0.110 和 7%比 0%，p = 0.083）。
本研究强调了 SGA 使用者和非使用者之间在 BMI 和心血管疾病患病率方面存在显著差异，这加强了对 SGA 治疗患者进行全面代谢监测的必要性。研究结果突出了在管理 SGA 使用相关健康风险时考虑社会人口统计学因素的重要性。需要进一步开展更大样本量和纵向设计的研究，以更好地理解这些关联，并制定有针对性的干预措施。
