银纳米颗粒尺寸对生物膜根除的影响。

The Impact of Silver Nanoparticles' Size on Biofilm Eradication.

作者信息

Fakeeha Ghazal, AlHarbi Sarah, Auda Sayed, Balto Hanan

机构信息

Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

Int Dent J. 2025 Apr;75(2):1213-1222. doi: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.08.007. Epub 2024 Sep 11.

DOI:10.1016/j.identj.2024.08.007

PMID:39266402

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11976549/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Efficient intracanal disinfection is required for a successful regenerative endodontic treatment. Thus, this study aimed to identify the silver nanoparticles' (NPs) size (AgNPs) with the highest antibiofilm efficacy when mixed with calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)] to eradicate an in vitro endodontic biofilm.

METHODS

The various sizes of AgNPs and mixtures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. A total of 168 dentin root segments were prepared, sterilized, and inoculated for 3 weeks with Actinomyces naeslundii and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Samples were randomly allocated to 4 experimental groups (n = 28/group): 2 nm AgNPs + 35% Ca(OH), 5 nm AgNPs + 35% Ca(OH), 10 nm AgNPs + 35% Ca(OH), and 35% Ca(OH) alone. Samples exposed to saline and triple antibiotic paste (TAP) acted as negative and positive control groups, respectively. After 1 and 2 weeks, samples were stained with LIVE/DEAD BacLight dye and examined under a confocal laser scanning microscope to determine the proportion of dead bacteria.

RESULTS

The characterization procedure revealed a spherical NP's structure with minor aggregations. Except for Ca(OH) group, all groups had significantly higher antibiofilm efficacy at 2 weeks. Both the 10 nm mixture (99.5%) and TAP (99.2%) exhibited the highest antibiofilm efficacy at 2 weeks and were not significantly different from one another (P > .05). No significant difference was noted between the 2 and 5 nm mixtures at 1 week (81% and 84%) and 2 weeks (89% and 91%).

CONCLUSION

The 10 nm AgNPs (0.02%) + 35% Ca(OH) mixture exhibited the highest antibiofilm efficacy at 2 weeks compared to all other mixtures at both observation periods. Interestingly, the 10 nm mixture performed similarly to TAP at 2 weeks. Excluding Ca(OH) group, longer application significantly improved the antibiofilm efficacy of all tested medicaments.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

The 10 nm AgNPs + 35% Ca(OH) mixture revealed promising results as an intracanal medicament in the regenerative endodontic treatment protocol.

摘要

引言

成功的牙髓再生治疗需要有效的根管内消毒。因此，本研究旨在确定与氢氧化钙[Ca(OH)]混合时具有最高抗生物膜功效的银纳米颗粒（NPs）尺寸（AgNPs），以根除体外牙髓生物膜。

方法

通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和紫外可见光谱对不同尺寸的AgNPs及其混合物进行表征。总共制备了168个牙本质根段，进行消毒，并接种内氏放线菌和具核梭杆菌3周。将样本随机分为4个实验组（每组n = 28）：2 nm AgNPs + 35% Ca(OH)、5 nm AgNPs + 35% Ca(OH)、10 nm AgNPs + 35% Ca(OH)和单独的35% Ca(OH)。暴露于生理盐水和三联抗生素糊剂（TAP）的样本分别作为阴性和阳性对照组。在1周和2周后，用LIVE/DEAD BacLight染料对样本进行染色，并在共聚焦激光扫描显微镜下检查，以确定死菌的比例。

结果

表征过程显示了具有少量聚集的球形NP结构。除Ca(OH)组外，所有组在2周时的抗生物膜功效均显著更高。10 nm混合物（99.5%）和TAP（99.2%）在2周时均表现出最高的抗生物膜功效，且彼此之间无显著差异（P >.05）。在1周（81%和84%）和2周（89%和91%）时，2 nm和5 nm混合物之间未观察到显著差异。