Laso Garcia Alejandro, Yang Long, Bouffetier Victorien, Appel Karen, Baehtz Carsten, Hagemann Johannes, Höppner Hauke, Humphries Oliver, Kluge Thomas, Mishchenko Mikhail, Nakatsutsumi Motoaki, Pelka Alexander, Preston Thomas R, Randolph Lisa, Zastrau Ulf, Cowan Thomas E, Huang Lingen, Toncian Toma
Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, Dresden, 01328, Germany.
European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, Schenefeld, 22869, Germany.
Nat Commun. 2024 Sep 12;15(1):7896. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-52232-6.
Equation of state measurements at Jovian or stellar conditions are currently conducted by dynamic shock compression driven by multi-kilojoule multi-beam nanosecond-duration lasers. These experiments require precise design of the target and specific tailoring of the spatial and temporal laser profiles to reach the highest pressures. At the same time, the studies are limited by the low repetition rate of the lasers. Here, we show that by the irradiation of a thin wire with single-beam Joule-class short-pulse laser, a converging cylindrical shock is generated compressing the wire material to conditions relevant to the above applications. The shockwave was observed using Phase Contrast Imaging employing a hard X-ray Free Electron Laser with unprecedented temporal and spatial sensitivity. The data collected for Cu wires is in agreement with hydrodynamic simulations of an ablative shock launched by highly impulsive and transient resistive heating of the wire surface. The subsequent cylindrical shockwave travels toward the wire axis and is predicted to reach a compression factor of 9 and pressures above 800 Mbar. Simulations for astrophysical relevant materials underline the potential of this compression technique as a new tool for high energy density studies at high repetition rates.
目前，在木星或恒星条件下的状态方程测量是通过由多千焦多光束纳秒级持续时间激光驱动的动态冲击压缩来进行的。这些实验需要对靶材进行精确设计，并对激光的空间和时间分布进行特定调整，以达到最高压力。与此同时，这些研究受到激光低重复率的限制。在这里，我们表明，通过用单光束焦耳级短脉冲激光照射细金属丝，可以产生会聚圆柱激波，将金属丝材料压缩到与上述应用相关的条件。使用具有前所未有的时间和空间灵敏度的硬X射线自由电子激光通过相衬成像观察到了激波。收集到的铜丝数据与通过金属丝表面的高脉冲和瞬态电阻加热引发的烧蚀激波的流体动力学模拟结果一致。随后的圆柱激波向金属丝轴线传播，预计将达到9的压缩因子和超过800兆巴的压力。对天体物理相关材料的模拟强调了这种压缩技术作为一种用于高重复率高能量密度研究的新工具的潜力。
