Yu Wenlong, Su Bingxue, Wang Chaoqun, Xia Qing, Sun Yinxiang
School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
Department of Pharmacy, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Aug 29;15:1425623. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1425623. eCollection 2024.
The rising prevalence of postpartum depression (PPD) is harmful to women and families. While there is a growing body of evidence suggesting an association between PPD and autoimmune diseases (ADs), the direction of causality remains uncertain. Therefore, Mendelian randomization (MR) study was employed to investigate the potential causal relationship between the two.
This study utilized large-scale genome-wide association study genetic pooled data from two major databases: the IEU OpenGWAS project and the FinnGen databases. The causal analysis methods used inverse variance weighting (IVW). The weighted median, MR-Egger method, MR-PRESSO test, and the leave-one-out sensitivity test have been used to examine the results' robustness, heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy.
A total of 23 ADs were investigated in this study. In the IVW model, the MR study showed that PPD increased the risk of type 1 diabetes (OR , = 1.15 (1.05-1.26),p<0.01),Hashimoto's thyroiditis((OR) = 1.21 (1.09-1.34),p<0.0001),encephalitis((OR) = 1.66 (1.06-2.60),p<0.05). Reverse analysis showed that ADs could not genetically PPD. There was no significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy bias in this result.
Our study suggests that PPD is a risk factor for type 1 diabetes, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and encephalitis from a gene perspective, while ADs are not a risk factor for PPD. This finding may provide new insights into prevention and intervention strategies for ADs according to PPD patients.
产后抑郁症（PPD）患病率的上升对女性和家庭有害。虽然越来越多的证据表明PPD与自身免疫性疾病（ADs）之间存在关联，但因果关系的方向仍不确定。因此，采用孟德尔随机化（MR）研究来探讨两者之间的潜在因果关系。
本研究利用了来自两个主要数据库的大规模全基因组关联研究遗传汇总数据：IEU OpenGWAS项目和芬兰基因数据库。因果分析方法采用逆方差加权（IVW）。加权中位数、MR-Egger方法、MR-PRESSO检验和留一法敏感性检验已用于检验结果的稳健性、异质性和水平多效性。
本研究共调查了23种ADs。在IVW模型中，MR研究表明PPD增加了1型糖尿病的风险（比值比（OR）=1.15（1.05-1.26），P<0.01）、桥本甲状腺炎（OR=1.21（1.09-1.34），P<0.0001）、脑炎（OR=1.66（1.06-2.60），P<0.05）。反向分析表明，ADs在基因上不会导致PPD。该结果不存在显著的异质性或水平多效性偏倚。
我们的研究表明，从基因角度来看，PPD是1型糖尿病、桥本甲状腺炎和脑炎的危险因素，而ADs不是PPD的危险因素。这一发现可能为根据PPD患者制定ADs的预防和干预策略提供新的见解。
