Asghari Ozma Mahdi, Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini Hamideh, Ataee Mohammad Hossein, Mirhosseini Seyed Ali
Student Research Committee, Baqiytallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Applied Microbiology Research Center, Biomedicine Technologies Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Microbiol. 2024 Aug;16(4):497-508. doi: 10.18502/ijm.v16i4.16309.
The most common cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea is infection (CDI), which causes severe and recurring symptoms. The increase of antibiotic-resistant requires alternate treatments. Postbiotics, metabolites produced by probiotics, fight CDI owing to their antibacterial capabilities. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-toxigenic potential of postbiotics in combating CDI.
GC-MS evaluated postbiotics from and . Disk diffusion and broth microdilution determined antibacterial inhibition zones and MICs. Microtiter plates assessed antibiofilm activity. MTT assay evaluated postbiotics anti-viability on HEK293. ELISA testing postbiotic detoxification of toxins A and B. Postbiotics were examined for and genes expression using real-time PCR.
The most identified and postbiotic compounds were glycolic acid (7.2%) and butyric acid (13.57%). and displayed 13 and 10 mm inhibition zones and 2.5 and 5 mg/ml MICs against reduced biofilm at 1.25 mg/ml by 49% and by 31%. MTT assay showed both postbiotics had little influence on cell viability, which was over 80%. The detoxification power of postbiotics revealed that decreased toxin A and B production more effectively than , and also their related and genes expression reduction were statistically significant (p < 0.05).
Postbiotics' ability to inhibit bacterial growth, biofilm disruption, and toxin reduction makes them a promising adjunctive for CDI treatment and a good solution to pathogens' antibiotic resistance.
医疗保健相关腹泻最常见的病因是艰难梭菌感染（CDI），其会引发严重且反复出现的症状。抗生素耐药性的增加需要替代治疗方法。后生元是益生菌产生的代谢产物，因其抗菌能力可对抗CDI。本研究旨在评估后生元在对抗CDI方面的抗菌、抗生物膜和抗产毒潜力。
采用气相色谱 - 质谱联用（GC - MS）技术评估来自[具体来源1]和[具体来源2]的后生元。纸片扩散法和肉汤微量稀释法测定抗菌抑制圈和最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。用微量滴定板评估抗生物膜活性。MTT法评估后生元对人胚肾细胞系293（HEK293）的抗生存能力。酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测后生元对毒素A和B的解毒作用。使用实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测后生元中[相关基因1]和[相关基因2]的基因表达。
最常鉴定出的后生元化合物为乙醇酸（7.2%）和丁酸（13.57%）。[后生元1]和[后生元2]对[目标菌株]的抑菌圈分别为13和10毫米，MIC分别为2.5和5毫克/毫升，在1.25毫克/毫升时可使生物膜减少49%和31%。MTT法显示两种后生元对细胞活力影响很小（细胞活力超过80%）。后生元的解毒能力表明，[后生元1]比[后生元2]更有效地降低毒素A和B的产生，并且其相关的[相关基因1]和[相关基因2]基因表达降低具有统计学意义（p < 0.05）。
后生元抑制细菌生长、破坏生物膜和减少毒素的能力使其成为CDI治疗有前景的辅助手段，也是解决病原体抗生素耐药性的良好方案。
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