Xiao Wanting, Xu Chaoyang
Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321000, P.R. China.
Oncol Lett. 2024 Aug 30;28(5):521. doi: 10.3892/ol.2024.14654. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Breast cancer is the most prevalent neoplasm affecting women globally, of which a notable proportion of cases are triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, there are limited curative treatment options for patients with TNBC, despite advancements in the field. Amino acids and amino acid transporters serve vital roles in the regulation of tumor metabolism. Notably, cystine and cysteine can interconvert via a redox reaction, with cysteine exerting control on cell survival and growth and exogenous cystine serving a crucial role in the proliferation of numerous types of cancers. Breast cancer has been reported to disrupt the cystine/cysteine metabolism pathway, as cystine and cysteine transporters affect the development and growth of tumors. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the metabolic pathways involving cystine and cysteine in normal and TNBC cells. Furthermore, the roles of cystine and cysteine transporters in TNBC progression and metastasis and their potential as therapeutic targets for treatment of TNBC are evaluated.
乳腺癌是全球影响女性的最常见肿瘤，其中相当一部分病例为三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）。然而，尽管该领域取得了进展，但TNBC患者的治愈性治疗选择仍然有限。氨基酸和氨基酸转运蛋白在肿瘤代谢调节中发挥着重要作用。值得注意的是，胱氨酸和半胱氨酸可通过氧化还原反应相互转化，半胱氨酸控制细胞存活和生长，而外源性胱氨酸在多种癌症的增殖中起关键作用。据报道，乳腺癌会破坏胱氨酸/半胱氨酸代谢途径，因为胱氨酸和半胱氨酸转运蛋白会影响肿瘤的发生和生长。本综述旨在全面概述正常细胞和TNBC细胞中涉及胱氨酸和半胱氨酸的代谢途径。此外，还评估了胱氨酸和半胱氨酸转运蛋白在TNBC进展和转移中的作用及其作为TNBC治疗靶点的潜力。
