绝经后女性抗阻训练随机对照试验的 2 年随访：血管舒缩症状、生活质量和心血管风险标志物。

A 2-year follow-up to a randomized controlled trial on resistance training in postmenopausal women: vasomotor symptoms, quality of life and cardiovascular risk markers.

机构信息

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Linköping, and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, 58185, Linköping, Sweden.

Department of Cardiology, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.

出版信息

BMC Womens Health. 2024 Sep 13;24(1):511. doi: 10.1186/s12905-024-03351-1.

DOI:10.1186/s12905-024-03351-1

PMID:39272114

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11396825/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Most women experience vasomotor symptoms (VMS) during the menopausal transition. A 15-week resistance training intervention (RTI) significantly reduced moderate-to-severe VMS (MS-VMS) and improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and cardiovascular risk markers in postmenopausal women. Whether a short RTI could have long-term effects is unknown. We aimed to investigate whether there were intervention-dependent effects two years after a 15-week RTI on MS-VMS frequency, HRQoL, and cardiovascular risk markers in postmenopausal women.

METHODS

This observational prospective cohort study is a follow-up to a randomized controlled trial (RCT) on a 15-week RTI in postmenopausal women (n = 57). The control group had unchanged low physical activity during these first 15 weeks. At the follow-up contact two years post-intervention, 35 women agreed to participate in an additional physical visit at the clinic with clinical testing, blood sampling, and magnetic resonance imaging, identical to the protocol at the baseline visit at the start of the RCT.

RESULTS

Although all women showed reduced MS-VMS and increased moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) over the 2-year follow-up compared to baseline, the groups from the original RCT (intervention group; IG, control group; CG) changed differently over time (p < 0.001 and p = 0.006, respectively) regarding MS-VMS. The IG maintained a significantly lower MS-VMS frequency than the CG at the 6-month follow-up. At the 2-year follow-up, there was no significant difference between the original RCT groups. No significant changes over time or differences between groups were found in HRQoL or cardiovascular risk markers. However, significant interactions between original RCT groups and time were found for visceral adipose tissue (p = 0.041), ferritin (p = 0.045), and testosterone (p = 0.010).

CONCLUSIONS

A 15-week resistance training intervention reduced MS-VMS frequency up to six months post-intervention compared to a CG, but the effect was not maintained after two years. The RTI did neither contribute to preserved improvements of cardiovascular risk markers nor improved HRQoL after two years compared to a CG.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

Clinical trials.gov registered ID: NCT01987778, trial registration date 2013-11-19.

摘要

背景

大多数女性在绝经过渡期间会经历血管舒缩症状（VMS）。15 周的抗阻训练干预（RTI）可显著减少中度至重度 VMS（MS-VMS），并改善绝经后妇女的健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）和心血管风险标志物。短期 RTI 是否会产生长期影响尚不清楚。我们旨在研究在 15 周 RTI 后两年，对绝经后妇女的 MS-VMS 频率、HRQoL 和心血管风险标志物是否存在干预依赖效应。

方法

这是一项对绝经后妇女进行的为期 15 周 RTI 的随机对照试验（RCT）的随访研究（n=57）。对照组在最初的 15 周内保持低体力活动不变。在干预后两年的随访中，35 名妇女同意在诊所进行额外的体检，包括临床检查、血液采样和磁共振成像，与 RCT 开始时的基线检查相同。

结果

尽管所有女性在 2 年的随访中与基线相比，MS-VMS 减少，中等至剧烈体力活动（MVPA）增加，但来自原始 RCT 的两组在时间上的变化不同（p<0.001 和 p=0.006，分别），MS-VMS 方面。IG 组在 6 个月随访时的 MS-VMS 频率明显低于 CG 组。在 2 年的随访中，两组之间没有显著差异。在 HRQoL 或心血管风险标志物方面，没有随着时间的推移或组间的变化。然而，在原始 RCT 组和时间之间发现了显著的交互作用，包括内脏脂肪组织（p=0.041）、铁蛋白（p=0.045）和睾酮（p=0.010）。