Self-administration of low-dose cocaine by rats at reduced and recovered body weight.

Food deprivation significantly increases self-administration of cocaine in both rats and rhesus monkeys. The objective in the present investigation was to determine the effects of varying deprivational states on the level of IV low-dose (0.1 mg/kg/infusion) cocaine self-administration in rats. In the first experiment, 32 naive rats were assigned randomly to four equal-sized groups. Two groups self-administered cocaine, the other two saline over two consecutive 10-day phases. Across phase 1 all animals were free-feeding (FF), while in phase 2, one cocaine- and one saline-reinforced group were subjected to restricted feeding until they reached 80% free-feeding weight (FFW). Results showed that cocaine-reinforced responding was related inversely to body weight. In experiment 2 another 32 rats, reduced to 80% FFW, were assigned to four equal-sized groups. Two groups self-administered cocaine, the other two saline over two consecutive 10-day phases. Across phase 1 all animals were maintained at 80% FFW, while in phase 2, one cocaine- and one saline-reinforced group were abruptly food satiated. Findings showed that cocaine-reinforced responding decreased rapidly to low levels. Finally, the group of cocaine-reinforced rats maintained at 80% FFW across both phases of experiment 2 were also abruptly food satiated. Again, responding decreased rapidly to low levels.