Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, NRB 1030, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
School of Medicine (SOM), University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Sep 5;25(17):9623. doi: 10.3390/ijms25179623.
Chalcones have been utilized for centuries as foods and medicines across various cultures and traditions worldwide. This paper concisely overviews their biosynthesis as specialized metabolites in plants and their significance, potential, efficacy, and possibility as future medicines. This is followed by a more in-depth exploration of naturally occurring chalcones and their corresponding mechanisms of action in human bodies. Based on their mechanisms of action, chalcones exhibit many pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimalarial, antiviral, and antibacterial properties. Novel naturally occurring chalcones are also recognized as potential antidiabetic drugs, and their effect on the GLUT-4 transporter is investigated. In addition, they are examined for their anti-inflammatory effects, focusing on chalcones used for future pharmaceutical utilization. Chalcones also bind to specific receptors and toxins that prevent bacterial and viral infections. Chalcones exhibit physiological protective effects on the biological degradation of different systems, including demyelinating neurodegenerative diseases and preventing hypertension or hyperlipidemia. Chalcones that are/were in clinical trials have been included as a separate section. By revealing the many biological roles of chalcones and their impact on medicine, this paper underlines the significance of naturally occurring chalcones and their extension to patient care, providing the audience with an index of topic-relevant information.
查耳酮在全世界的不同文化和传统中，已被用作食品和药物数百年。本文简要概述了它们作为植物中特殊代谢物的生物合成，以及它们作为未来药物的重要性、潜力、功效和可能性。接下来，更深入地探讨了天然查耳酮及其在人体中的相应作用机制。基于其作用机制，查耳酮表现出许多药理学特性，包括抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、抗疟疾、抗病毒和抗菌特性。新型天然查耳酮也被认为是有潜力的抗糖尿病药物，并研究了它们对 GLUT-4 转运蛋白的作用。此外，还研究了它们的抗炎作用，重点是用于未来药物应用的查耳酮。查耳酮还与特定的受体和毒素结合，以预防细菌和病毒感染。查耳酮对不同系统的生物降解具有生理保护作用，包括脱髓鞘神经退行性疾病，并预防高血压或高血脂。本文还将正在进行临床试验的查耳酮作为一个单独的部分进行了讨论。通过揭示查耳酮的许多生物学作用及其对医学的影响，本文强调了天然查耳酮的重要性及其在患者护理中的应用，为读者提供了与主题相关信息的索引。
