Bermudo Gamboa Carolina, Martín-Béjar Sergio, Bañón García Fermín, Sevilla Hurtado Lorenzo
Department of Civil, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, Engineering School, University of Malaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain.
Polymers (Basel). 2024 Aug 27;16(17):2422. doi: 10.3390/polym16172422.
This research paper aims to enhance the fatigue resistance of polylactic acid (PLA) in Material Extrusion (ME) by incorporating natural reinforcement, focusing on rotational bending fatigue. The study investigates the fatigue behavior of PLA in ME, using various natural fibers such as cellulose, coffee, and flax as potential reinforcements. It explores the optimization of printing parameters to address challenges like warping and shrinkage, which can affect dimensional accuracy and fatigue performance, particularly under the rotational bending conditions analyzed. Cellulose emerges as the most promising natural fiber reinforcement for PLA in ME, exhibiting superior resistance to warping and shrinkage. It also demonstrates minimal geometrical deviations, enabling the production of components with tighter dimensional tolerances. Additionally, the study highlights the significant influence of natural fiber reinforcement on the dimensional deviations and rotational fatigue behavior of printed components. The fatigue resistance of PLA was significantly improved with natural fiber reinforcements. Specifically, PLA reinforced with cellulose showed an increase in fatigue life, achieving up to 13.7 MPa stress at 70,000 cycles compared to unreinforced PLA. PLA with coffee and flax fibers also demonstrated enhanced performance, with stress values reaching 13.6 MPa and 13.5 MPa, respectively, at similar cycle counts. These results suggest that natural fiber reinforcements can effectively improve the fatigue resistance and dimensional stability of PLA components produced by ME. This paper contributes to the advancement of additive manufacturing by introducing natural fiber reinforcement as a sustainable solution to enhance PLA performance under rotational bending fatigue conditions. It offers insights into the comparative effectiveness of natural fibers and synthetic counterparts, particularly emphasizing the superior performance of cellulose.
本研究论文旨在通过加入天然增强材料来提高材料挤出（ME）中聚乳酸（PLA）的抗疲劳性，重点关注旋转弯曲疲劳。该研究调查了ME中PLA的疲劳行为，使用纤维素、咖啡和亚麻等各种天然纤维作为潜在的增强材料。它探索了印刷参数的优化，以应对诸如翘曲和收缩等可能影响尺寸精度和疲劳性能的挑战，特别是在所分析的旋转弯曲条件下。纤维素成为ME中PLA最有前景的天然纤维增强材料，表现出卓越的抗翘曲和收缩性能。它还显示出最小的几何偏差，能够生产出尺寸公差更严格的部件。此外，该研究强调了天然纤维增强材料对印刷部件尺寸偏差和旋转疲劳行为的重大影响。天然纤维增强材料显著提高了PLA的抗疲劳性。具体而言，与未增强的PLA相比，用纤维素增强的PLA在70000次循环时疲劳寿命增加，应力达到13.7MPa。含有咖啡和亚麻纤维的PLA在相似的循环次数下也表现出增强的性能，应力值分别达到13.6MPa和13.5MPa。这些结果表明，天然纤维增强材料可以有效提高ME生产的PLA部件的抗疲劳性和尺寸稳定性。本文通过引入天然纤维增强材料作为一种可持续解决方案，以提高PLA在旋转弯曲疲劳条件下的性能，为增材制造的发展做出了贡献。它提供了关于天然纤维和合成纤维相对有效性的见解，特别强调了纤维素的卓越性能。
