Kantaros Antreas, Katsantoni Meropi, Ganetsos Theodore, Petrescu Nicolae
Department of Industrial Design and Production Engineering, University of West Attica, 12244 Athens, Greece.
Doctoral School of Political Sciences, Faculty of Political Sciences, University of Bucharest, 050107 Bucharest, Romania.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Mar 9;18(6):1220. doi: 10.3390/ma18061220.
The evolution of thermoplastic materials has played a critical role in advancing high-speed Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) and Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing technologies. This study explores the performance and challenges associated with next-generation thermoplastics specifically designed for high-speed printing, such as high-speed PLA, ABS, and PETG, in comparison to conventional materials. A systematic analysis was conducted to evaluate the key parameters, including the mechanical properties, layer adhesion, surface finish, and dimensional accuracy, under varying high-speed printing conditions. The results reveal that high-speed thermoplastics, when coupled with advanced hardware and optimized motion control systems, achieve up to a 70% reduction in printing time without significant trade-offs in mechanical integrity or precision. Additionally, the study identifies challenges, such as increased thermal stresses, warping, and the need for precise cooling strategies, which can impact material performance at elevated speeds. Opportunities for future development are also discussed, including the design of novel polymer formulations and hardware innovations to further enhance the reliability and scalability of high-speed FFF/FDM printing. This work underscores the potential of adopting such advanced thermoplastic materials in the high-speed 3D printing era and highlights the critical interplay between material science and hardware engineering for achieving next-generation manufacturing capabilities.
热塑性材料的发展在推动高速熔融长丝制造（FFF）和熔融沉积建模（FDM）3D打印技术方面发挥了关键作用。本研究探讨了与专门为高速打印设计的下一代热塑性塑料相关的性能和挑战，例如高速聚乳酸（PLA）、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物（ABS）和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯二醇改性物（PETG），并与传统材料进行了比较。在不同的高速打印条件下，进行了系统分析以评估关键参数，包括机械性能、层间附着力、表面光洁度和尺寸精度。结果表明，当与先进硬件和优化的运动控制系统相结合时，高速热塑性塑料可将打印时间减少多达70%，而不会在机械完整性或精度方面做出重大权衡。此外，该研究还确定了一些挑战，例如热应力增加、翘曲以及对精确冷却策略的需求，这些都会影响高速下的材料性能。还讨论了未来的发展机会，包括新型聚合物配方的设计和硬件创新，以进一步提高高速FFF/FDM打印的可靠性和可扩展性。这项工作强调了在高速3D打印时代采用此类先进热塑性材料的潜力，并突出了材料科学与硬件工程之间为实现下一代制造能力而进行的关键相互作用。
