Geszke-Moritz Małgorzata, Moritz Michał
Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicines, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Plac Polskiego Czerwonego Krzyża 1, 71-251 Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Plac Polskiego Czerwonego Krzyża 1, 71-251 Szczecin, Poland.
Polymers (Basel). 2024 Sep 7;16(17):2536. doi: 10.3390/polym16172536.
In the last few decades, there has been a growing interest in the use of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles (BPNPs) as the carriers for various therapeutic agents in drug delivery systems. BPNPs have the potential to improve the efficacy of numerous active agents by facilitating targeted delivery to a desired site in the body. Biodegradable polymers are especially promising nanocarriers for therapeutic substances characterized by poor solubility, instability, rapid metabolism, and rapid system elimination. Such molecules can be efficiently encapsulated and subsequently released from nanoparticles, which greatly improves their stability and bioavailability. Biopolymers seem to be the most suitable candidates to be used as the nanocarriers in various delivery platforms, especially due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. Other unique properties of the polymeric nanocarriers include low cost, flexibility, stability, minimal side effects, low toxicity, good entrapment potential, and long-term and controlled drug release. An overview summarizing the research results from the last years in the field of the successful fabrication of BPNPs loaded with various therapeutic agents is provided. The possible challenges involving nanoparticle stability under physiological conditions and the possibility of scaling up production while maintaining quality, as well as the future possibilities of employing BPNPs, are also reviewed.
在过去几十年中，人们越来越关注使用可生物降解的聚合物纳米颗粒（BPNPs）作为药物递送系统中各种治疗剂的载体。BPNPs有潜力通过促进将药物靶向递送至体内所需部位来提高多种活性剂的疗效。对于那些具有溶解度差、不稳定、代谢快和系统清除快等特点的治疗物质而言，可生物降解聚合物是特别有前景的纳米载体。此类分子能够被有效地包封在纳米颗粒中，并随后从纳米颗粒中释放出来，这极大地提高了它们的稳定性和生物利用度。生物聚合物似乎是在各种递送平台中用作纳米载体的最合适候选物，特别是由于它们的生物相容性和可生物降解性。聚合物纳米载体的其他独特性质包括低成本、灵活性、稳定性、副作用最小、低毒性、良好的包封潜力以及长期和可控的药物释放。本文提供了一个概述，总结了近年来在成功制备负载各种治疗剂的BPNPs领域的研究成果。还综述了在生理条件下纳米颗粒稳定性方面可能存在的挑战以及在保持质量的同时扩大生产规模的可能性，以及使用BPNPs的未来可能性。
