School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Plant Sci. 2024 Dec;349:112265. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112265. Epub 2024 Sep 12.
The escalating threat of heavy metal and metalloid stress on plant ecosystems requires innovative strategies to strengthen plant resilience and ensure agricultural sustainability. This review provides important insights into the advanced epigenetic pathways to improve plant tolerance to toxic heavy metals and metalloid stress. Epigenetic modifications, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation, histone modifications, and small ribonucleic acid (RNA) engineering, offer innovative avenues for tailoring plant responses to mitigate the impact of heavy metal and metalloid stress. Technological advancements in high-throughput genome sequencing and functional genomics have unraveled the complexities of epigenetic regulation in response to heavy metal and metalloid contamination. Recent strides in this field encompass identifying specific epigenetic markers associated with stress resilience, developing tools for editing the epigenome, and integrating epigenetic data into breeding programs for stress-resistant crops. Understanding the dynamic interaction between epigenetics and stress responses holds immense potential to engineer resilient crops that thrive in environments contaminated with heavy metals and metalloids. Eventually, harnessing epigenetic strategies presents a promising trajectory toward sustainable agriculture in the face of escalating environmental challenges. Plant epigenomics expands, the potential for sustainable agriculture by implementing advanced epigenetic approaches becomes increasingly evident. These developments lay the foundation for understanding the growing significance of epigenetics in plant stress biology and its potential to mitigate the detrimental effects of heavy metal and metalloid pollution on global agriculture.
重金属和类金属压力对植物生态系统的威胁日益加剧，需要创新策略来增强植物的恢复力，确保农业的可持续性。本文综述了先进的表观遗传途径，以提高植物对有毒重金属和类金属胁迫的耐受性，为我们提供了重要的见解。表观遗传修饰，包括脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）甲基化、组蛋白修饰和小核糖核酸（RNA）工程，为定制植物响应提供了创新途径，以减轻重金属和类金属胁迫的影响。高通量基因组测序和功能基因组学的技术进步揭示了重金属和类金属污染下表观遗传调控的复杂性。该领域的最新进展包括确定与应激抗性相关的特定表观遗传标记，开发编辑表观基因组的工具，以及将表观遗传数据整合到抗应激作物的育种计划中。理解表观遗传和应激反应之间的动态相互作用具有巨大的潜力，可以设计出在受重金属和类金属污染的环境中茁壮成长的抗逆作物。最终，利用表观遗传策略为应对日益严峻的环境挑战，实现可持续农业提供了有希望的途径。植物表观基因组学的扩展，实施先进的表观遗传方法，为可持续农业提供了更多的可能性。这些发展为理解表观遗传学在植物应激生物学中的重要性以及减轻重金属和类金属污染对全球农业的不利影响的潜力奠定了基础。
