Programa Pós-Graduação de Biotecnologia Vegetal e Bioprocessos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 14;14(1):21518. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72329-8.
Advances in omics technologies have enabled the in-depth study of microbial communities and their metabolic profiles from all environments. Here metagenomes were sampled from piranha (Serrasalmus rhombeus) and from river water from the Rio São Benedito (Amazon Basin). Shotgun metagenome sequencing was used to explore diversity and to test whether fish microbiomes are a good proxy for river microbiome studies. The results showed that the fish microbiomes were not significantly different from the river water microbiomes at higher taxonomic ranks. However, at the genus level, fish microbiome alpha diversity decreased, and beta diversity increased. This result repeated for functional gene abundances associated with specific metabolic categories (SEED level 3). A clear delineation between water and fish was seen for beta diversity. The piranha microbiome provides a good and representative subset of its river water microbiome. Variations seen in beta biodiversity were expected and can be explained by temporal variations in the fish microbiome in response to stronger selective forces on its biodiversity. Metagenome assembled genomes construction was better from the fish samples. This study has revealed that the microbiome of a piranha tells us a lot about its river water microbiome and function.
组学技术的进步使人们能够深入研究来自各种环境的微生物群落及其代谢特征。本研究从食人鱼(Serrasalmus rhombeus)和圣本笃河(亚马逊盆地)的河水样本中采集了宏基因组。通过 shotgun 宏基因组测序来探索微生物多样性,并检验鱼类微生物组是否是河流微生物组研究的良好替代物。结果表明,在较高的分类等级上,鱼类微生物组与河水微生物组没有显著差异。然而,在属水平上,鱼类微生物组的 alpha 多样性降低,beta 多样性增加。与特定代谢类群(SEED 水平 3)相关的功能基因丰度也出现了同样的结果。beta 多样性在水和鱼之间有明显的区别。食人鱼微生物组提供了其河水微生物组的一个很好的、有代表性的子集。beta 多样性的变化是可以预期的,可以通过鱼类微生物组对其生物多样性的选择性压力的时间变化来解释。来自鱼类样本的宏基因组组装基因组构建效果更好。本研究表明,食人鱼的微生物组可以告诉我们很多关于其河水微生物组和功能的信息。