Ma Yuhui, Wang Miao, Zhang Zhishen
Department of Ultrasound, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
Department of Office, Qingdao Chest Hospital, Qingdao, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Aug 30;15:1454744. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1454744. eCollection 2024.
Emerging evidence indicated that depression is currently one of the most burdensome diseases worldwide, and it can lead to a variety of functional physical impairments. However, the studies estimated the association between depression and thyroid function remain sparse. We aimed to investigate the association between depression and thyroid function in the American population.
A cross-sectional analysis was performed using the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2007 to 2012. In the 12,502 adults aged 20-80 years, weighted linear regression models and multiple logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the association between depression and thyroid function indicators. The thyroid indicators investigated were mainly free thyroxine (FT4), total T4 (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), total T3 (TT3), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and antithyroperoxidase antibody (TPOAb), thyroglobulin (Tg) and antithyroglobulin antibody (TgAb).
The final results were reached after adjusting for various confounding factors. In the stratification analysis of subgroups divided by age, depression was significantly negatively correlated with FT4, FT3, and TT3 in both younger adults ( = 0.00122, < 0.00001, and = 0.00003) and older adults ( = 0.00001, = 0.00004, and < 0.00001). In contrast, depression was significantly negatively correlated with TT4 and Tg in older adults (p = 0.00054, p = 0.00695) and positively correlated in younger adults (p = 0.01352, p < 0.00001). The subgroup analysis by gender revealed that depression was significantly negatively correlated with FT4, FT3, and TT3 in both adult males ( = 0.0164, = 0.0204, and = 0.0050) and adult females ( ≤ 0.0001, < 0.0001, and < 0.0001), which was more prominent in females. The positive correlation between depression symptoms and TPOAb was only found in adult females (p = 0.0282) and younger adults (p = 0.00488).
This study confirmed a significant correlation between depressive and thyroid function and it varied among different genders or age. In the future, more prospective studies are needed to reveal these findings and confirm a causal relationship between them.
新出现的证据表明，抑郁症是目前全球最具负担的疾病之一，它可导致多种功能性身体损伤。然而，估计抑郁症与甲状腺功能之间关联的研究仍然较少。我们旨在调查美国人群中抑郁症与甲状腺功能之间的关联。
使用2007年至2012年进行的美国国家健康与营养检查调查的数据进行横断面分析。在12502名年龄在20 - 80岁的成年人中，应用加权线性回归模型和多元逻辑回归模型来评估抑郁症与甲状腺功能指标之间的关联。所调查的甲状腺指标主要包括游离甲状腺素（FT4）、总T4（TT4）、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT3）、总T3（TT3）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）、抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体（TPOAb）、甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）和抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体（TgAb）。
在对各种混杂因素进行调整后得出最终结果。在按年龄划分的亚组分层分析中，抑郁症在年轻成年人（β = 0.00122，p < 0.00001，β = 0.00003）和年长成年人（β = 0.00001，β = 0.00004，p < 0.00001）中均与FT4、FT3和TT3呈显著负相关。相比之下，抑郁症在年长成年人中与TT4和Tg呈显著负相关（p = 0.00054，p = 0.00695），而在年轻成年人中呈正相关（p = 0.01352，p < 0.00001）。按性别进行的亚组分析显示，抑郁症在成年男性（β = 0.0164，β = 0.0204，β = 0.0050）和成年女性（β ≤ 0.0001，β < 0.0001，β < 0.0001）中均与FT4、FT3和TT3呈显著负相关，在女性中更为突出。抑郁症症状与TPOAb之间的正相关仅在成年女性（p = 0.0282）和年轻成年人（p = 0.00488）中发现。
本研究证实了抑郁症与甲状腺功能之间存在显著相关性，且在不同性别或年龄之间存在差异。未来，需要更多前瞻性研究来揭示这些发现并确认它们之间的因果关系。
