Wang Tianhe, Li Jialin, Ivry Richard B
Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, California.
Department of Neuroscience, University of California, Berkeley, California.
bioRxiv. 2024 Sep 3:2024.09.03.611108. doi: 10.1101/2024.09.03.611108.
Movement errors are used to continuously recalibrate the sensorimotor map, a process known as sensorimotor adaptation. Here we examined how attention influences this automatic and obligatory learning process. Focusing first on spatial attention, we compared conditions in which the visual feedback that provided information about the movement outcome was either attended or unattended. Surprisingly, this manipulation had no effect on the rate of adaptation. We next used a dual-task methodology to examine the influence of attentional resources on adaptation. Here, again, we found no effect of attention, with the rate of adaptation similar under focused or divided attention conditions. Interestingly, we found that attention modulates adaptation in an indirect manner: Attended stimuli serve as cues that define the context for learning. The rate of adaptation was significantly attenuated when the attended stimulus changed from the end of one trial to the start of the next trial. In contrast, similar changes to unattended stimuli had no impact on adaptation. Together, these results suggest that visual attention defines the cues that establish the context for sensorimotor learning.
运动误差被用于持续重新校准感觉运动图谱，这一过程被称为感觉运动适应。在此，我们研究了注意力如何影响这一自动且必然的学习过程。首先聚焦于空间注意力，我们比较了提供有关运动结果信息的视觉反馈被注意或未被注意的情况。令人惊讶的是，这种操作对适应速率没有影响。接下来，我们使用双任务方法来研究注意力资源对适应的影响。同样，我们发现注意力没有影响，在集中注意力或分散注意力条件下适应速率相似。有趣的是，我们发现注意力以一种间接方式调节适应：被注意的刺激作为定义学习背景的线索。当被注意的刺激从一次试验结束变化到下一次试验开始时，适应速率显著减弱。相比之下，对未被注意刺激的类似变化对适应没有影响。总之，这些结果表明视觉注意力定义了为感觉运动学习建立背景的线索。
