Singh Harinder, Wiscovitch-Russo Rosana, Kuelbs Claire, Espinoza Josh, Appel Amanda E, Lyons Ruth J, Vashee Sanjay, Förtsch Hagen E A, Foster Jerome E, Ramdath Dan, Hayes Vanessa M, Nelson Karen E, Gonzalez-Juarbe Norberto
Infectious Diseases Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
Genomic Medicine Group, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
bioRxiv. 2024 Sep 4:2024.09.03.611095. doi: 10.1101/2024.09.03.611095.
Societies with exposure to preindustrial diets exhibit improved markers of health. Our study used a comprehensive multi-omic approach to reveal that the gut microbiome of the Ju/'hoansi hunter-gatherers, one of the most remote KhoeSan groups, exhibit a higher diversity and richness, with an abundance of microbial species lost in the western population. The Ju/'hoansi microbiome showed enhanced global transcription and enrichment of complex carbohydrate metabolic and energy generation pathways. The Ju/'hoansi also show high abundance of short-chain fatty acids that are associated with health and optimal immune function. In contrast, these pathways and their respective species were found in low abundance or completely absent in Western populations. Amino acid and fatty acid metabolism pathways were observed prevalent in the Western population, associated with biomarkers of chronic inflammation. Our study provides the first in-depth multi-omic characterization of the Ju/'hoansi microbiome, revealing uncharacterized species and functional pathways that are associated with health.
接触工业化前饮食的社会群体展现出更好的健康指标。我们的研究采用了全面的多组学方法，以揭示最偏远的科伊桑群体之一——朱/霍安西狩猎采集者的肠道微生物群具有更高的多样性和丰富度，其中大量微生物物种在西方人群中已经消失。朱/霍安西人的微生物群显示出整体转录增强以及复杂碳水化合物代谢和能量生成途径的富集。朱/霍安西人还显示出与健康和最佳免疫功能相关的高丰度短链脂肪酸。相比之下，这些途径及其各自的物种在西方人群中丰度较低或完全不存在。在西方人群中观察到氨基酸和脂肪酸代谢途径普遍存在，与慢性炎症的生物标志物相关。我们的研究首次对朱/霍安西人的微生物群进行了深入的多组学表征，揭示了与健康相关的未被表征的物种和功能途径。
