Bineid Manahil M, Ventura Eduard F, Samidoust Aryan, Radha Venkatesan, Anjana Ranjit Mohan, Sudha Vasudevan, Walton Gemma E, Mohan Viswanathan, Vimaleswaran Karani Santhanakrishnan
Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DZ, United Kingdom.
Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain.
Nutr Rev. 2025 Jun 1;83(6):1061-1082. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae115.
Recent data from the South Asian subregion have raised concern about the dramatic increase in the prevalence of metabolic diseases, which are influenced by genetic and lifestyle factors.
The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the contemporary evidence for the effect of gene-lifestyle interactions on metabolic outcomes in this population.
PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases were searched up until March 2023 for observational and intervention studies investigating the interaction between genetic variants and lifestyle factors such as diet and physical activity on obesity and type 2 diabetes traits.
Of the 14 783 publications extracted, 15 were deemed eligible for inclusion in this study. Data extraction was carried out independently by 3 investigators. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS), the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I), and the methodological quality score for nutrigenetics studies.
Using a narrative synthesis approach, the findings were presented in textual and tabular format. Together, studies from India (n = 8), Pakistan (n = 3), Sri Lanka (n = 1), and the South Asian diaspora in Singapore and Canada (n = 3) reported 543 gene-lifestyle interactions, of which 132 (∼24%) were statistically significant. These results were related to the effects of the interaction of genetic factors with physical inactivity, poor sleep habits, smoking, and dietary intake of carbohydrates, protein, and fat on the risk of metabolic disease in this population.
The findings of this systematic review provide evidence of gene-lifestyle interactions impacting metabolic traits within the South Asian population. However, the lack of replication and correction for multiple testing and the small sample size of the included studies may limit the conclusiveness of the evidence. Note, this paper is part of the Nutrition Reviews Special Collection on Precision Nutrition.
PROSPERO registration No. CRD42023402408.
南亚次区域的最新数据引发了人们对代谢疾病患病率急剧上升的担忧，这些疾病受遗传和生活方式因素影响。
本系统评价的目的是总结关于基因 - 生活方式相互作用对该人群代谢结局影响的当代证据。
截至2023年3月，检索了PubMed、科学网和Scopus数据库，以查找观察性和干预性研究，这些研究调查了基因变异与生活方式因素（如饮食和身体活动）之间的相互作用对肥胖和2型糖尿病特征的影响。
在提取的14783篇出版物中，有15篇被认为符合纳入本研究的条件。数据提取由3名研究人员独立进行。使用横断面研究评估工具（AXIS）、非随机干预研究中的偏倚风险（ROBINS - I）以及营养遗传学研究的方法学质量评分对纳入研究的质量进行评估。
采用叙述性综合方法，以文本和表格形式呈现研究结果。来自印度（n = 8）、巴基斯坦（n = 3）、斯里兰卡（n = 1）以及新加坡和加拿大的南亚侨民（n = 3）的研究总共报告了543种基因 - 生活方式相互作用，其中132种（约24%）具有统计学意义。这些结果涉及遗传因素与身体活动不足、不良睡眠习惯、吸烟以及碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪的饮食摄入之间的相互作用对该人群代谢疾病风险的影响。
本系统评价的结果提供了基因 - 生活方式相互作用影响南亚人群代谢特征的证据。然而，缺乏重复验证以及对多重检验的校正，且纳入研究的样本量较小，可能会限制证据的确定性。请注意，本文是《营养评论》精准营养特别系列的一部分。
PROSPERO注册号CRD42023402408。
