Li Zongxiang, Huang Shuoran, Li Lin, Si Junhong, Wu Ji
College of Safety Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, Liaoning, China.
Key Laboratory of Mine Thermodynamic Disaster & Control of Ministry of Education, Huludao, 125105, Liaoning, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Sep 16;14(1):21553. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72188-3.
To investigate the dispersion process of the underground toxic gas carbon monoxide (CO) into the refuge chamber during a mine disaster and enhance the survival rate of trapped miners, a simplified model of an underground refuge chamber and the main roadway was constructed. The impact of temperature and pressurized air volume on CO dispersion into the refuge chamber has been examined through both analog experiments and numerical simulations, and the reliability of the simulation results was verified. The results indicate that CO dispersion into the refuge chamber through the top of the protective isolation door occurs when the temperature in the refuge chamber is lower than that of the toxic gas. When the temperature of the toxic gas is higher, it tends to enter the refuge chamber through the bottom of the protective isolation door. The evolution of CO concentration in the transition chamber can be divided toxic survival chamber can be categorized into a sudden decline stage and a stable stage. And a flexible isolation door designed to control the entry of toxic gases into the refuge chamber was implemented, and its impact on CO dispersion has been compared and analyzed. When the temperature of the main roadway is 50 °C and the temperature of the refuge chamber is 20 °C, the required pressurized air volume to maintain the CO concentration within the safe threshold (24 ppm) is reduced to 69.6% of that needed without the isolation door, thereby significantly reducing the infiltration of harmful gases from the main roadway into the refuge chamber.
为研究矿井灾害期间地下有毒气体一氧化碳（CO）向避难硐室的扩散过程，并提高被困矿工的生存率，构建了地下避难硐室及主要巷道的简化模型。通过模拟实验和数值模拟研究了温度和压风量对CO向避难硐室扩散的影响，并验证了模拟结果的可靠性。结果表明，当避难硐室内温度低于有毒气体温度时，CO通过防护隔离门顶部扩散进入避难硐室；当有毒气体温度较高时，其倾向于通过防护隔离门底部进入避难硐室。过渡硐室内CO浓度的变化过程可分为突然下降阶段和稳定阶段。同时实施了一种用于控制有毒气体进入避难硐室的柔性隔离门，并对其对CO扩散的影响进行了对比分析。当主要巷道温度为50℃、避难硐室温度为20℃时，将CO浓度维持在安全阈值（24ppm）内所需的压风量降至无隔离门时所需风量的69.6%，从而显著减少了有害气体从主要巷道向避难硐室的渗入。
