Elimam Hanan, Eldeib Mahmoud Gomaa, Kizilaslan Esma Z, Alhamshry Nora A A, Ashour Abdelkader E, Elfar Nourhan, Abdel-Wahab Maie M, Zaki Mohamed Bakr, Mohammed Osama A, Radwan Abdullah F, Abdel-Reheim Mustafa Ahmed, Moussa Rewan, Doghish Ahmed S
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, 32897, Egypt.
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231, Cairo, Egypt.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 Feb;398(2):1243-1263. doi: 10.1007/s00210-024-03425-9. Epub 2024 Sep 17.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is recognized as one of the most prevalent malignancies, both in terms of incidence and mortality rates. Current research into CRC has shed light on the molecular mechanisms driving its development. Several factors, including lifestyle, environmental influences, genetics, and diet, play significant roles in its pathogenesis. Natural compounds such as curcumin, tanshinone, lycorine, sinomenine, kaempferol, verbascoside, quercetin, berberine, and fisetin have shown great promise in the prevention and treatment of CRC. Research has also highlighted the significance of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in CRC. Among these, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to regulate the transcription of genes involved in cancer. LncRNAs contribute to cancer stem cell (CSC) proliferation, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and chemoresistance. Specific lncRNAs, including GAS5, LNC00337, HOTAIR, TPT1-AS1, cCSC1, BCAR4, TUG1, and Solh2, play crucial roles in these processes. They hold potential as novel biomarkers, detectable in bodily fluids and tissues, and could serve as therapeutic targets due to their involvement in drug resistance and sensitivity. These insights could improve CRC treatment strategies, addressing resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current knowledge regarding the effectiveness of natural anti-cancer agents in CRC treatment. Additionally, it offers an in-depth evaluation of lncRNAs in CRC, their role in the disease's progression, and their potential applications in its management.
结直肠癌（CRC）在发病率和死亡率方面均被认为是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。目前对CRC的研究已经揭示了驱动其发展的分子机制。包括生活方式、环境影响、遗传和饮食在内的几个因素在其发病机制中起着重要作用。姜黄素、丹参酮、石蒜碱、青藤碱、山奈酚、毛蕊花糖苷、槲皮素、黄连素和非瑟酮等天然化合物在CRC的预防和治疗方面显示出巨大潜力。研究还强调了非编码RNA（ncRNAs）作为CRC生物标志物和治疗靶点的重要性。其中，长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）已被发现可调节参与癌症的基因转录。LncRNAs有助于癌症干细胞（CSC）增殖、血管生成、上皮-间质转化（EMT）和化疗耐药性。特定的lncRNAs，包括GAS5、LNC00337、HOTAIR、TPT1-AS1、cCSC1、BCAR4、TUG1和Solh2，在这些过程中起关键作用。它们具有作为新型生物标志物的潜力，可在体液和组织中检测到，并且由于其参与耐药性和敏感性，可作为治疗靶点。这些见解可以改进CRC治疗策略，解决对化疗和放疗的耐药性问题。这篇综述文章旨在对目前关于天然抗癌剂在CRC治疗中的有效性的知识进行全面分析。此外，它还对CRC中的lncRNAs、它们在疾病进展中的作用以及它们在疾病管理中的潜在应用进行了深入评估。
