Department of Dermatology, Université Alassane Ouattara, Service de Dermatologie CHU de Bouaké-Côte d'Ivoire, Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire.
Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2024 Sep 17;111(5):950-952. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0900. Print 2024 Nov 6.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is classified as one of the skin-related neglected tropical diseases by the WHO. There have been limited reports of CL in Côte d'Ivoire, with fewer than 20 cases reported from Côte d'Ivoire in the literature since 1967, when it was first identified. Here, we report a case of CL originating in Côte d'Ivoire that we diagnosed during our active case finding activity in the Zounan Hounien District. The patient, a 15-year-old male, presented with multiple noninflammatory skin lesions on the face and trunk that had progressed from nodular to ulcerated lesions over the previous 3 months. Concurrent symptoms included fever, chest pain, cough, and malaise. Investigations for infectious diseases such as HIV and tuberculosis returned negative results. Histopathological analysis of a skin biopsy specimen from the nasal base demonstrated the presence of Leishman-Donovan bodies, confirming a diagnosis of CL. Although treatment with intralesional meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime) injections was intended, the drug could not be administered because the patient unfortunately died shortly after our consultation visit. Because of the rarity of CL in Côte d'Ivoire, awareness remains low, resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. Urgent strategies to improve awareness of CL among clinicians practicing in Côte d'Ivoire is required, first to appropriately diagnose and treat CL and second to generate epidemiological data of adequate quality.
皮肤利什曼病（CL）被世界卫生组织列为与皮肤相关的被忽视热带病之一。科特迪瓦的 CL 报告有限，自 1967 年首次发现以来，文献中报告的病例少于 20 例。在这里，我们报告了一例起源于科特迪瓦的 CL 病例，我们在 Zounan Hounien 区的主动病例发现活动中诊断出该病例。患者是一名 15 岁男性，面部和躯干出现多个非炎症性皮肤损伤，在过去 3 个月中从结节状进展为溃疡性损伤。同时出现发热、胸痛、咳嗽和不适等症状。对艾滋病毒和结核病等传染病的调查结果均为阴性。对来自鼻基底的皮肤活检标本的组织病理学分析显示存在利什曼- Donovan 体，证实了 CL 的诊断。尽管计划对患者进行局部注射氨苯砜（Glucantime）治疗，但由于患者在我们的咨询访问后不久不幸去世，因此无法进行药物治疗。由于科特迪瓦 CL 的罕见性，认识仍然很低，导致诊断和治疗延误。迫切需要制定提高科特迪瓦临床医生对 CL 认识的策略，首先是正确诊断和治疗 CL，其次是生成足够质量的流行病学数据。
