Genome-wide analysis of the gene family and function exploration of in rose (. 'The Fairy').

are a class of plant-specific transcription factors that play key roles in plant growth and stress responses. However, the mechanism by which influence adventitious root development in remains unclear. In this study, gene family in rose was identified and phylogenetically analyzed using bioinformatics analysis. A total of 381 gene members were localized on seven chromosomes except of nine members. The main -acting elements involved in hormonal, light, developmental, and abiotic stress responses were identified in the promoters of genes, suggesting their regulation by these signals. Nine genes had significant different expression during rooting process of rose. , , were positive with the formation of rose roots. RhWOX331 was positively involved in the formation of adventitious root primordia, which gene coding a transcription factor localized in the nucleus. The HOX conserved domain in the protein contributed to the self-activating activity of RhWOX331. We obtained genetically modified Arabidopsis to validate the function of . Overexpression of gene alleviated the inhibition of root length of primary roots by high concentration of IBA and NPA, and significantly increased the number of lateral roots on the primary roots, as well as the height of plants. Additionally, promoted adventitious root formation in A. thaliana and mitigated hormonal inhibition by exogenous 6-BA, NPA, and GA. The promoter contained cis-acting elements such as ABRE, Box 4 and CGTCA-motif et.al. GUS activity analysis showed that the gene acted at the cotyledon attachment site. Taken together, these studies identified a significant expansion of the gene family, inferred roles of certain branch members in adventitious root formation, elucidated the function of in adventitious root initiation, and laid the foundation for further research on the function of gene family in roses.