Gao Yanan, Yao Qianqian, Meng Lu, Wang Jiaqi, Zheng Nan
Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Milk and Milk Products Inspection Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
Anim Nutr. 2024 May 17;18:322-339. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.05.001. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) exist in dietary foods and are produced by the fermentation of gut microbiota, and are considered an important element for regulating host health. Through blood circulation, SCFA produced in the gut and obtained from foods have an impact on the intestinal health as well as vital organs of the host. It has been recognized that the gut is the "vital organ" in the host. As the gut microbial metabolites, SCFA could create an "axis" connecting the gut and to other organs. Therefore, the "gut-organ axes" have become a focus of research in recent years to analyze organism health. In this review, we summarized the sources, absorption properties, and the function of SCFA in both gut and other peripheral tissues (brain, kidney, liver, lung, bone and cardiovascular) in the way of "gut-organ axes". Short chain fatty acids exert both beneficial and pathological role in gut and other organs in various ways, in which the beneficial effects are more pronounced. In addition, the beneficial effects are reflected in both preventive and therapeutic effects. More importantly, the mechanisms behinds the gut and other tissues provided insight into the function of SCFA, assisting in the development of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for maintaining the host health.
短链脂肪酸（SCFA）存在于日常饮食中，由肠道微生物群发酵产生，被认为是调节宿主健康的重要元素。通过血液循环，肠道中产生的以及从食物中获取的短链脂肪酸对宿主的肠道健康以及重要器官都会产生影响。人们已经认识到，肠道是宿主中的“重要器官”。作为肠道微生物的代谢产物，短链脂肪酸能够形成一条连接肠道与其他器官的“轴”。因此，“肠-器官轴”近年来已成为分析机体健康状况的研究重点。在这篇综述中，我们以“肠-器官轴”的方式总结了短链脂肪酸在肠道及其他外周组织（脑、肾、肝、肺、骨和心血管）中的来源、吸收特性及功能。短链脂肪酸在肠道和其他器官中以多种方式发挥着有益和病理作用，其中有益作用更为显著。此外，有益作用体现在预防和治疗效果两方面。更重要的是，肠道及其他组织背后的机制为短链脂肪酸的功能提供了深入见解，有助于开发维持宿主健康的新型预防和治疗策略。
