Department of Ophthalmology, Marmara University Medical School, Istanbul, Maltepe, Turkey.
Department of Ophthalmology, Kocaeli Kandıra M. Kazım Dinç State Hospital, Kocaeli, Kandıra, Turkey.
Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2024 Dec;47(6):102309. doi: 10.1016/j.clae.2024.102309. Epub 2024 Sep 17.
To evaluate the reliability and validity of Turkish translation of the 5-item Dry Eye Questionnaire (T-DEQ-5) and to compare it with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal staining, and Schirmer test results.
The linguistic validation procedures adopted internationally, including forward translations, backward translation into English, examination of the translation quality, and a pilot test on 10 subjects, were employed. The translated and validated questionnaire was applied to 25 subjects two-time points (second time within three days) to evaluate the intra-test reliability. One hundred subjects were recruited for the study. They underwent an ophthalmic examination, including Schirmer tests, TBUT, and ocular surface staining (OSS) after completing OSDI questionnaire. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were assessed to determine sensitivity and specificity of the T-DEQ-5.
The mean age of subjects was 45.7 ± 16.2 years, with 65 % being female. Overall, the test-retest reliability was excellent with an intra-class correlation coefficient value of 0.95 (95 % CI 0.90-0.98, p < 0.001). The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was 0.90, which demonstrated a strong level of internal consistency of the T-DEQ-5. Using ROC analysis to compare the results of the T-DEQ-5 with those of the OSDI, the area under the curve was found 0.95, with an optimal cut-off threshold of 6, resulting in 81 % sensitivity and 91 % specificity. Establishing the diagnosis based on a positive OSDI (≥13) and at least one positive sign (TBUT and/or OSS) yielded a sensitivity of 95 % and a specificity of 87 % at the cut-off threshold of 6.
The Turkish version of the DEQ-5 is a valid and reliable questionnaire and capable of differentiating patients with dry eye.
评估 5 项干眼问卷（T-DEQ-5）土耳其语翻译的可靠性和有效性，并将其与眼表疾病指数（OSDI）问卷、泪膜破裂时间（TBUT）、角膜染色和泪液分泌试验结果进行比较。
采用国际上采用的语言验证程序，包括正向翻译、反向翻译为英语、翻译质量检查和对 10 名受试者进行的预试验。经过翻译和验证的问卷在 25 名受试者中进行了两次测试（第二次在三天内），以评估内部测试的可靠性。共招募 100 名受试者。他们在完成 OSDI 问卷后进行了眼科检查，包括 Schirmer 试验、TBUT 和眼表面染色（OSS）。评估受试者工作特征（ROC）以确定 T-DEQ-5 的敏感性和特异性。
受试者的平均年龄为 45.7±16.2 岁，其中 65%为女性。总体而言，两次测试之间的可靠性非常好，组内相关系数值为 0.95（95%CI 0.90-0.98，p<0.001）。Cronbach's alpha 可靠性系数为 0.90，表明 T-DEQ-5 具有很强的内部一致性。使用 ROC 分析比较 T-DEQ-5 的结果与 OSDI 的结果，发现曲线下面积为 0.95，最佳截断值为 6，灵敏度为 81%，特异性为 91%。基于阳性 OSDI（≥13）和至少一个阳性体征（TBUT 和/或 OSS）建立诊断，在 6 的截断值下，灵敏度为 95%，特异性为 87%。
DEQ-5 的土耳其语版本是一种有效且可靠的问卷，能够区分干眼症患者。
