利用下一代测序技术探索急性恰加斯病暴发中克氏锥虫的传播动力学。

Exploring Trypanosoma cruzi transmission dynamics in an acute Chagas disease outbreak using next-generation sequencing.

机构信息

Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.

Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales-GRICA, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia (UCC), Bucaramanga, Colombia.

出版信息

Parasit Vectors. 2024 Sep 18;17(1):395. doi: 10.1186/s13071-024-06445-9.

BACKGROUND

Chagas disease (CD), caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, poses a major global public health challenge. Although vector-borne transmission is the primary mode of infection, oral transmission is increasingly concerning.

METHODS

This study utilized long-amplicon-based sequencing (long-ABS), focusing on the 18S rRNA gene, to explore T. cruzi's genetic diversity and transmission dynamics during an acute CD outbreak in Colombia, an area without domestic infestation.

RESULTS

Analyzing samples from five patients and five T. cruzi-positive marsupial samples, we identified coinfections between T. cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli, mixed T. cruzi DTUs, suggesting possible links between human and marsupial T. cruzi infections. Coexistence of TcI, TcIV and T. rangeli suggests marsupial secretions as the possible source of T. cruzi transmission. Our investigation revealed diversity loss in DTUs TcIV and T. rangeli in humans after infection and in marsupial samples after culture.

CONCLUSION

These findings provide significant insights into T. cruzi dynamics, crucial for implementing control and prevention strategies.

背景

恰加斯病（CD）由克氏锥虫引起，对全球公共卫生构成重大挑战。尽管经媒介传播是主要的感染方式，但经口传播的情况日益令人担忧。

方法

本研究采用长扩增子测序（long-ABS），重点关注 18S rRNA 基因，以探索哥伦比亚急性 CD 暴发期间（该地区无本地感染）克氏锥虫的遗传多样性和传播动态。

结果

分析来自五名患者和五份克氏锥虫阳性有袋动物样本的结果，我们发现克氏锥虫和特兰西瓦尼亚锥虫之间存在合并感染，混合了不同的克氏锥虫离散型单位（DTU），这表明人类和有袋动物之间的克氏锥虫感染可能存在关联。TcI、TcIV 和特兰西瓦尼亚锥虫的共存提示有袋动物的分泌物可能是克氏锥虫传播的来源。我们的调查显示，人类感染后和有袋动物样本培养后，DTU TcIV 和特兰西瓦尼亚锥虫的多样性丧失。