Rostaei Maryam, Fallah Sina, Carrubba Alessandra, Lorigooini Zahra
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Italy.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 22;10(17):e36693. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36693. eCollection 2024 Sep 15.
The current farming systems strongly depend on chemical fertilizers (CF), which are widely applied to increase crop yield worldwide. However, although CF enhance crop yield in the short term, their excessive and long-term application can have adverse effects on environmental and human health. One of the most important goals of sustainable agriculture is substituting CF with organic manures. Organic manures can be used as a low-cost and safe alternative for CF. They contain essential nutrients for crop growth, improve soil conditions and nutrient availability, increase plant growth, and ultimately enhance yield. The application of organic manures to medicinal plants (MP) is more critical than to other plants, because organic manures not only enhance the growth and productivity of MP but also modify quality of their products. In this review, the effect of different types of organic manures on the biomass, content and chemical compositions of essential oil and antioxidant activity of various MP has been investigated. The included information was gathered from scientific databases such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. Many of the collected studies showed that organic manures increase biomass and improve the quality of these plants. The findings of this review indicate that broiler litter (BL) and compost (C) are highly recommended as organic manures to promote biomass. Moreover, C, sheep manure, and vermicompost (VC) are suggested as the optimal organic manures for enhancing the essential oil content. Organic manures significantly changed the aroma profile of the essential oils and in many cases, they enhanced major chemical compositions. The usage of VC raised the content of the linalool of studied MP. Most of the organic manures, especially BL, VC, farmyard manure, and poultry manure increased the antioxidant activity of these plants. Hence, the utilization of organic manures can be recommended for productivity enhancement and quality improvement of MP.
当前的农业耕作系统严重依赖化肥（CF），化肥在全球范围内被广泛用于提高作物产量。然而，尽管化肥能在短期内提高作物产量，但其过度和长期施用会对环境和人类健康产生不利影响。可持续农业的最重要目标之一是用有机肥料替代化肥。有机肥料可作为化肥的低成本且安全的替代品。它们含有作物生长所需的必需养分，能改善土壤条件和养分有效性，促进植物生长，并最终提高产量。将有机肥料施用于药用植物（MP）比施用于其他植物更为关键，因为有机肥料不仅能促进药用植物的生长和生产力，还能改善其产品质量。在本综述中，研究了不同类型的有机肥料对各种药用植物的生物量、精油含量和化学成分以及抗氧化活性的影响。所纳入的信息来自科学数据库，如Science Direct、谷歌学术、PubMed和Scopus。许多收集到的研究表明，有机肥料能增加生物量并改善这些植物的质量。本综述的研究结果表明，强烈推荐将鸡粪（BL）和堆肥（C）作为促进生物量的有机肥料。此外，建议将堆肥、羊粪和蚯蚓堆肥（VC）作为提高精油含量的最佳有机肥料。有机肥料显著改变了精油的香气特征，在许多情况下，它们增加了主要化学成分。使用蚯蚓堆肥提高了所研究药用植物的芳樟醇含量。大多数有机肥料，尤其是鸡粪、蚯蚓堆肥、农家肥和家禽粪便，提高了这些植物的抗氧化活性。因此，推荐使用有机肥料来提高药用植物的生产力和改善其质量。
