Souza Samuel Santos, Lopes Cruz Larissa, Alves-Reis Amanda Munnick, Costa Vanessa Queiros, Moraes-Souza Rafaianne Queiroz, Damasceno Débora Cristina, Volpato Gustavo Tadeu
Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso, 78605-091, Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso State, Brazil.
Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Experimental Research Unit (UNIPEX), and Postgraduate Course on Tocogynecology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University, 18618-000, Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 3;10(17):e37394. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37394. eCollection 2024 Sep 15.
To evaluate the repercussions of periodontitis and diabetes association on rat pregnancy and newborns.
Diabetes was induced in female Wistar rats 24 h after birth through the administration of Streptozotocin. The diabetic condition of the rats was further confirmed in adulthood. After mating, the pregnant rats were distributed into four experimental groups (n = 12 rats/group): nondiabetic and diabetic with and without periodontitis. Periodontitis was induced by a ligature inserted into the first molar on day 0 of pregnancy. Body weight, water and feed consumption were evaluated weekly, and an oral glucose tolerance test was performed on day 17 of pregnancy. On day 21 of pregnancy, the animals were anesthetized and killed for organ removal. The hemimandibles were collected to analyze alveolar bone loss. Immunological and biochemical parameters were evaluated in the maternal blood samples, and reproductive performance was analyzed. The newborns were weighed, and anomalies evaluated.
The group with diabetes and periodontitis had a greater degree of alveolar bone loss, along with higher relative pancreatic weight, blood glucose levels, triglyceride and inflammatory cytokine levels, hepatic transaminase activity, and embryonic losses. In addition, these newborns had increased body weight, placental weight, a greater number of ossification centers, and a higher rate of visceral and skeletal anomalies.
The combination of maternal diabetes and periodontitis negatively impacts maternal parameters and fetal development. The findings reinforce the importance of maintaining maternal oral health to ensure the general health of the offspring, especially in cases where diabetes is present.
评估牙周炎与糖尿病并存对大鼠妊娠及新生幼鼠的影响。
雌性Wistar大鼠出生24小时后通过注射链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病。成年后进一步确认大鼠的糖尿病状况。交配后，将怀孕大鼠分为四个实验组（每组n = 12只大鼠）：非糖尿病组、有牙周炎的糖尿病组、无牙周炎的糖尿病组。在妊娠第0天通过在第一磨牙插入结扎线诱导牙周炎。每周评估体重、水和饲料消耗量，并在妊娠第17天进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验。在妊娠第21天，将动物麻醉并处死以取出器官。收集半侧下颌骨分析牙槽骨丢失情况。评估母鼠血液样本中的免疫和生化参数，并分析生殖性能。对新生幼鼠称重并评估有无异常。
患有糖尿病和牙周炎的组牙槽骨丢失程度更大，同时胰腺相对重量、血糖水平、甘油三酯和炎性细胞因子水平、肝转氨酶活性以及胚胎损失率更高。此外，这些新生幼鼠体重增加、胎盘重量增加、骨化中心数量增多，内脏和骨骼异常发生率更高。
母体糖尿病与牙周炎并存对母体参数和胎儿发育产生负面影响。这些发现强化了保持母体口腔健康以确保后代总体健康的重要性，尤其是在存在糖尿病的情况下。
