Rawat Anand Singh, Bhuj B D, Srivastava Ranjan, Chand Satish, Singh N K, Bisht Yashpal Singh, Dasila Hemant, Bhatt Rajendra, Perveen Kahkashan, Bukhari Najat A
Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India.
Department of Horticulture, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Heliyon. 2024 Sep 4;10(17):e37387. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37387. eCollection 2024 Sep 15.
Gladiolus is a highly allogamous flower plant, but owing to the prolonged juvenile phase, asexual propagation is preferred, which acts as a barrier for the induction of natural genetic variability in gladiolus. Therefore, the induced mutagenesis could be utilized for the creation of desirable genotypes, without altering their basic agronomic features. An analysis of the optimum doses of γ radiation for the induction of fruitful mutations could be achieved in short period of time, compared with the conventional method of breeding. The objectives of this study were to perform radiosensitivity tests on various gladiolus genotypes using different doses of gamma rays and to determine the optimal dose of radiation dose for obtaining the greatest number of mutants. The present experiment was carried out during the winter-spring seasons, for the four consecutive years of 2017-18, 2018-19, 2019-20, and 2020-21. The seven genotypes of gladiolus were exposed to seven doses of gamma rays (Cobalt). Plants irradiated with radiation doses lower than 4.5 Kr (G) had greater plant survivability than the higher doses of gamma rays (≥5.0 Kr). The radiation of G (0 Kr) result in highest plant survivability, while radiation dose of G (6.5 Kr) resulted lowest survivability. LD and BD for all the genotypes were achieved except for V and V, similarly the median lethal doses (LD) for V and V genotypes had been achieved. The highest flower blindness percent and percent abnormal plants were observed at G and G and between the 4.0 Kr (G) and 5.5 Kr (G) gamma ray doses, respectively. The flower colour mutation frequency was recorded highest in genotypes Tiger Flame at 5.0 Kr (VG), while the Flower colour mutation spectrum was identified between 4.0 Kr (G) to 5.5 Kr (G) in all the genotypes except for genotypes V and V. For the generation of higher phenotypic variations, radiation dose between 4.0 Kr (G) and 5.5 Kr (G) were found the most prominent. Specifically the gamma rays radiation dose of 5.5 Kr (G) resulted in the highest flower colour mutation frequency. These isolated mutant lines will broaden the gladiolus gene pool and support future gladiolus breeding experiments.
唐菖蒲是一种高度异花授粉的花卉植物，但由于其幼年期较长，无性繁殖更为可取，而无性繁殖对唐菖蒲自然遗传变异的诱导起到了阻碍作用。因此，诱变可用于创造理想的基因型，同时不改变其基本农艺性状。与传统育种方法相比，在短时间内就能实现对诱导有效突变的γ射线最佳剂量的分析。本研究的目的是使用不同剂量的伽马射线对各种唐菖蒲基因型进行辐射敏感性测试，并确定获得最多突变体的最佳辐射剂量。本实验在2017 - 18年、2018 - 19年、2019 - 20年和2020 - 21年这连续四年的冬春季节进行。将七种唐菖蒲基因型暴露于七种剂量的伽马射线（钴源）下。辐射剂量低于4.5千伦琴（G）的植株比高剂量伽马射线（≥5.0千伦琴）的植株具有更高的存活率。G（0千伦琴）辐射下植株存活率最高，而G（6.5千伦琴）辐射剂量下存活率最低。除V和V外，所有基因型的致死剂量（LD）和半致死剂量（BD）均已得出，同样，V和V基因型的半数致死剂量（LD）也已得出。分别在G和G以及4.0千伦琴（G）至5.5千伦琴（G）的伽马射线剂量之间观察到最高的花盲率和异常植株百分比。花色突变频率在基因型“虎焰”中于5.0千伦琴（VG）时记录最高，而除V和V基因型外，所有基因型的花色突变谱在4.0千伦琴（G）至5.5千伦琴（G）之间被确定。为了产生更高的表型变异，发现4.0千伦琴（G）至5.5千伦琴（G）之间的辐射剂量最为显著。具体而言，5.5千伦琴（G）的伽马射线辐射剂量导致最高的花色突变频率。这些分离出的突变系将拓宽唐菖蒲的基因库，并为未来的唐菖蒲育种实验提供支持。
