Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shoushtar, Iran.
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
J Clin Lab Anal. 2024 Oct;38(19-20):e25103. doi: 10.1002/jcla.25103. Epub 2024 Sep 19.
Oral candidiasis (OC) is one of the most common mucosal infections in those afflicted with HIV/AIDS. This study aimed to provide detailed information on the phenotype, genotype, antifungal susceptibility, and biofilm formation ability of oral Candida albicans isolated from HIV-infected patients with OC.
A total of 25 C. albicans isolates were collected from oral lesions of HIV-infected patients referred to Behavioral Diseases Counseling Center affiliated with Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The antifungal susceptibility testing was done according to CLSI M27 guideline (fourth edition). The crystal violet method was used to evaluate the biofilm formation ability of isolates. Different phenotypes were identified on yeast extract-peptone-dextrose agar medium supplemented with phloxine B. Genotyping analysis of the isolates was performed using high-resolution melting (HRM) assays and ABC genotyping.
The highest and lowest susceptibility of the C. albicans isolates was found for fluconazole 24 (96%) and ITC 18 (72%), respectively. Forty-eight percent of the isolates had high biofilm formation ability and exhibited gray cell type. The most common genotype was genotype B (52%). HRM analysis of HIS3, EF3, and CDC3 markers showed three, four, and five different groups, respectively.
Investigating the phenotype, antifungal susceptibility and biofilm formation ability of the C. albicans isolates obtained from oral lesions of HIV-infected patients revealed that the dominant genotypes in the current research could cause more serious infections from the oral source. We recommend further research with a larger sample size to determine the molecular epidemiology of C. albicans among HIV patients in Iran.
口腔念珠菌病（OC）是感染 HIV/AIDS 患者最常见的黏膜感染之一。本研究旨在提供有关从 HIV 感染并发 OC 的患者口腔分离的白色念珠菌的表型、基因型、抗真菌药敏性和生物膜形成能力的详细信息。
从伊朗阿瓦兹 Jundishapur 大学医学科学行为疾病咨询中心转介的 HIV 感染患者的口腔病变中收集了 25 株 C. albicans 分离株。根据 CLSI M27 指南（第四版）进行抗真菌药敏试验。使用结晶紫法评估分离株的生物膜形成能力。在添加 phloxine B 的酵母提取物-胰蛋白胨-葡萄糖琼脂培养基上鉴定不同的表型。使用高分辨率熔解（HRM）分析和 ABC 基因分型对分离株进行基因分型分析。
C. albicans 分离株对氟康唑 24（96%）和 ITC 18（72%）的敏感性最高和最低。48%的分离株具有高生物膜形成能力，并表现出灰色细胞类型。最常见的基因型是基因型 B（52%）。HIS3、EF3 和 CDC3 标记的 HRM 分析显示分别有三个、四个和五个不同的组。
对从 HIV 感染患者口腔病变中获得的 C. albicans 分离株的表型、抗真菌药敏性和生物膜形成能力进行调查表明，目前研究中的优势基因型可能会导致更严重的口腔来源感染。我们建议进一步进行更大样本量的研究，以确定伊朗 HIV 患者中 C. albicans 的分子流行病学。
